Background: Stroke is a sudden and often devastating injury to the central nervous system caused by blood flow disruption to the brain, leading to long-term consequences such as neurological impairments. It is a major cause of disability and mortality among adults. Various studies have highlighted caregiver (CG) stress, but none have compared stress levels in hospital and home environments. Our study aims to explore factors influencing caregiver stress in both settings.Aim and objective: To identify the most common source of stress among those who care for acute stroke survivors as well as the overall experiences that caregiver has in hospital and home settings. Methodology: An observational study was conducted at Sri Ramachandra Hospital on caregivers of first-time stroke survivors. Demographic data and stress levels were assessed using MCSI on discharge day and 10 days post-discharge. Reasons for stress were identified through open-ended questions.Results: Quantitative data included mean and standard deviation for 60 participants, consisting of 44 males and 16 females with an average age of 57.35 ±10.78. Among the caregivers of acute stroke patients, 60 individuals were surveyed, including 19 males and 41 females with an average age of 46.23±11.79. The Modified Caregiver Strain Index (MCSI) with thirteen questions rated stress levels at home and in the hospital. Results showed higher stress levels at home for components such as sleep disturbance (90%) and caregiving inconvenience (86.6%), while hospital stressors included family adjustments (61.6%) and financial strain (95%). Overall, caregivers experienced different stress factors depending on the location.Conclusion: Study shows caregiver stress increases based on patient’s impairment, needs, and caregiver's understanding of the condition. Stress levels vary between male and female caregivers, with modifiable and non-modifiable stress factors identified. Strategic programs are needed to enhance rehabilitation effectiveness, reduce caregiver stress, and enhance quality of life for both patient and caregiver.
The Bidayuh community in Jagoi and SingaiBau Districts possesses extensive traditional knowledge of Zingiberaceae species. This study documents their uses and examines socio-demographic factors influencing utilization. Gender, age, occupation, income, and religious beliefs significantly impact plant use. Older generations, with their rich traditional knowledge, frequently use medicinal gingers. Women influence plant use in culinary and medicinal practices. The economic status affects the ability to afford these plants. Data from 170 households were collected through structured questionnaires. Pearson correlation and ANOVA analyses were conducted to understand relationships between socio-demographic factors and plant utilization. The results showed a significant positive correlation between age and medicinal ginger use frequency. Additionally, village location impacts collection habits, with Singai residents collecting more frequently. The study underscores the importance of documenting traditional knowledge for biodiversity conservation and cultural heritage preservation.
This study thoroughly examines the electrical behavior and analog/RF performance of the dual material junctionless (DM-JL) Tree FET by incorporating interface traps at the Si/SiO2 interface. These interface trap charges, which can arise from stress or radiation-induced damage, have the potential to influence the transistor's operating point and overall circuit reliability. To assess the impact of these traps, various parameters are analyzed using the proposed device with single-k (SiO2) and dual-k (SiO2+TiO2) spacer materials. The study finds that, at zero trap charges, the DC and analog/RF parameters are superior in the dual-k spacer device compared to the single-k spacer device. When positive (negative) trap charges are introduced, significant changes are observed: the Ion/Ioff ratio by 26% (37%), the subthreshold swing (SS) by 1.48% (0.59%), and the drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) by 1.62% (2.43%) decreases (increases), respectively as compared to the device with no trap charges. Further, the study measures analog/RF parameters such as gate capacitance, cutoff frequency, and gain bandwidth product, both with and without interface trap charges. Results indicate that the device with dual-k spacers performs better with negative trap charges. The interface trap charges affect the device's performance more severely in the subthre shold region compared to the triode and saturation regions.
Background: Despite extensive efforts by both the community and government, COVID-19 remains a persistent threat. Vaccination and adherence to COVID-appropriate behaviours are crucial in curbing the pandemic. This study aimed to assess awareness, acceptance, and determinants of COVID-19 vaccination. Materials and Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study involving 400 respondents after obtaining verbal consent,was conducted between February 5th and February 20th, 2022. Structured questionnaires collected data on socio-demographics, COVID-19 infection/vaccination status, vaccine awareness, motivation, and reasons for refusal. Results: Among 400 respondents, 62.7% were aged 18-40 years, and 67.8% were male. High awareness (96%) of vaccine protection against infection was observed, with 99.8% supporting compulsory vaccination. Most (94.7%) were vaccinated for self-protection, citing efficacy doubts and side effect concerns as primary reasons for refusal. Conclusion: The study highlights satisfactory awareness and positive attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination. Enhanced awareness campaigns and addressing safety concerns can further boost vaccine acceptance. Accurate vaccine information is essential to promote adherence to government guidelines in combating vaccine-preventable diseases.
The Need for Child Psychology and Children's Counselling
1Jayshree Kargatia, 2Dr. Chandra KumariA healthy person is a happy person. Happy people make up a progressive society. This leads to people being fit to face any new challenges that they may come across in the future. The confidence and maturity of a healthy society pave the way to a stress-free atmosphere for all to live in. But what does one mean by a ‘healthy person’? To be in good health means to be healthy, both in body and mind. If the body is unhealthy some symptoms can be noticed. These can be studied and treated by a medical professional. Unfortunately, the symptoms of a disturbed mind are not very overt. Special attention for noticing the troubled behaviours, specific psychological tests need to be conducted to diagnose the problem area, and therapy sessions may be needed along with medicines to handle some severe mental illnesses. If adults need help, they can be vocal about their problems. But this is not the case where children are concerned. Children cannot understand the reasons for their difficulties or their unsuccessful attempts at performing various activities. Hence there is a need to observe them in multiple settings, study their behaviour, check on their developmental milestones and assess their academic growth. Whatever the problem, if checked and handled professionally in the early stages then adjustment for that child is comparatively easier and growth, both physical and mental, can be almost at par with normal children. Hence, seeking professional help and guidance is necessary. Early intervention can make life so much easier for the child, his family and friends.
This study compares the effects of high pressure on the bulk modulus and pressure derivatives of a few nanomaterials, including Ge(13 nm), TiO2, Ni(20 nm), CuO, and Si(4.1 nm), which have better uses in contemporary technology. The pressure dependence of bulk modulus was assessed using the EOS of Vinet and Birch-Murnaghan. It was found that the high-pressure effect is highly dependent on the considered particle size. The current study aims to theoretically predict the bulk modulus of nanomaterials of varying sizes in relation to pressure at a standard temperature. The bulk modulus and pressure derivative of the bulk modulus's trend of change against volume compressions, as we have discovered.
Phytochemical Approaches with their Novel Drug Delivery System towards Treatment of Glaucoma
Zulfa Nooreen1*, Priyanka Verma1, Awani Kumar Rai1, Anshu Gupta, Md Sabir, Ujjwal KumarGlaucoma is a heterogeneous group of optic neuropathies that share characteristic pathognomonic changes to the optic disc and visual field. Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by retinal ganglion cell loss. There are a number of risk factors associated with glaucoma, including age, ethnicity, and family history. The current standard of therapy for glaucoma involves lowering the intraocular pressure through medical, laser, and/or surgical therapy. Nevertheless, there are an increasing number of glaucoma patients that use alternative medicines to treat their glaucoma or supplement their traditional glaucoma management. Ginkgo biloba, Saffron, and medical marijuana are amongst the most commonly used medicinal plants by glaucoma patients. A neurodegenerative disease has a varied pathogenesis scenario, including elevated intraocular pressure, and hypoxic conditions in the retina. The current standard of care for treating glaucoma patients is therapeutic IOP lowering by topical ocular medicines, laser trabeculoplasty, and glaucoma filtration surgery. Several well-controlled clinical trials have demonstrated the importance of IOP-lowering therapy in all phases of the disease. This study explored emerging glaucoma pharmacotherapy approaches based on nanomedicines, such as liposomes, microsphere and nanoparticles. The goal of this article is to provide a thorough overview of the frontier developments, problems, and hotspots that have emerged in the field of nanomedicines, perhaps paving the way for future practical advancements.
This paper seeks to examine the complex relationship between legal frameworks and ESG considerations, examining the ways in which these domains interact, support one another, and occasionally pose problems or conflicts. It will look at how ESG regulations are changing around the world, taking into account the various stances that various governments and regulatory organisations have taken. The way in which businesses negotiate these complexities and incorporate ESG principles into their governance frameworks and strategic decision-making procedures will be demonstrated through case studies and examples. The paper will also critically evaluate how well the current legal frameworks address ESG issues, noting areas where regulatory frameworks may need to change in order to better support sustainable business practices, as well as any enforcement gaps or ambiguities in the requirements for compliance. Through an analysis of how ESG integration affects various stakeholders, such as investors, employees, communities, and society at large, this research seeks to illustrate the concrete advantages as well as possible disadvantages of matching corporate behaviour with ESG objectives within the current legal framework.
A Survey on the Tandem Queueing Models
R.Keerthika1, S.P.Niranjan1, B. Komala Durga2Queueing systems play a pivotal role in modeling and optimizing service processes across diverse industries. Among various Queueing models, the tandem Queueing model stands out as a fundamental and versatile framework. Understanding and effectively analyzing these systems is crucial for improving efficiency, minimizing delays, and enhancing customer satisfaction. This survey reviews the historical development of tandem Queueing theory, elucidates core concepts, and highlights its significance in modern service systems. We also provide an overview of analytical tools and techniques used to evaluate tandem Queueing system performance, covering both classical and contemporary methodologies.Purpose of this paper is to provide an in-depth evaluation and comprehensive overview of tandem Queueing models.
Indirect Tax Reform in India: from VAT to GST
VasaviThe introduction of Goods and Services Tax in India is part of long process of tax reform in India. It has been brought through a constitutional amendment act. The issue of tax cascading was a serious impediment in the realisation of a rationalised tax regime while the need on an integrated indirect tax system was an all time necessity. These concerns led to a step by step movement in the direction of tax reform. Initially the VAT regime was established which recently got replaced with the GST. The GST in India is of a particular type with certain important aspects of it. This paper attempts to discuss the entire shift in the taxation system with the introduction of Goods and Services Tax.
Post-investment exposure, especially in rural areas, is frequently not fully investigated. This study investigates how investors in indigenous chit funds in Kerala, locally called as ‘Kurris’ or ‘Chitties’, behave after making an investment, with the goal of identifying the factors that affect their opinion, satisfaction, perception, and future investment intentions. The study employs a descriptiveas well as an analytical approach, gathering primary data from 200 rural investors in Kerala through structured questionnaires. Additionally, it utilises secondary data from various reports, publications, and journals. The research design is both descriptive and analytical in nature. Even though Chit Fund schemes are common, there is still a lack of understanding regarding investor behavioural post-participation. This study aims to bridge this gap by examining the opinion, attitudes, motivations, and satisfaction levels of investors, thereby guiding efforts to improve financial literacy and inclusion in rural areas. This study also confirms the association between investment satisfaction and behavioural intentions, and the association between investors’ awareness and investment attitude towards Kurris. The study highlights that Kurris are most liquid, flexible, economic, social, co-operative, accessible, simple, and gender neutral indigenous investment avenue for rural and low income populace.
Background: Fluoride is one of the most common, highly reactive and non-biodegradable environmental pollutant. It is found in all natural waterways but groundwater is more contaminated when compared to other water ways. It is because of the geogenic source like rock and sediments rich in fluoride minerals contaminate groundwater. Another source of fluoride is from the phosphate fertilizers, industrial effluents and coal burning in thermal power plants. Fluoride from all these anthropogenic sources comes in contact with precipitation and then it seeps into the earth and contaminate groundwater. Increases in population in India increase demand for water, most of the population in urban and rural areas completely depend upon groundwater for drinking and cooking purpose. So it is very import to check the contaminants in water and remedial measures should be taken to remove the contaminants from the water. Objective: To determine the fluoride concentration in the groundwater of Mandya and Mysore district. Methodology: A total of about 120 water samples were collected from 40 villages of Mysore and Mandya district in 400ml pre-sterilized polyethylene bottles. The water sample was taken from the tap after five minutes of being flushed. Water flow was decreased, the sample was filled to the bottle's shoulder, and the cap was tightened to prevent leaks. The collected water sample was preserved and fluoride concentration was determined by using SPADNS method. Results: Out of 40 villages in Mysore and Mandya district, 15 villages have a greater than the allowed fluoride amount in drinking water, as per WHO guidelines. The remaining villages had fluoride levels below 1.5 mg/L, which is the recommended level of fluoride concentration. The fluoride concentrations ranges of all taluks as follows: KR Pete - 2.3±0.29 to 2.8±0.18ppm, Pandavapura - 0.1±0.34 to 2.8±0.63ppm, Malavalli - 0.1±0.29 – 0.5 ±0.44ppm, Srirangapatana 1.1±0.58 – 2.8±0.69ppm, Nagamangala 2.0±0.1 to 3.0±0.2ppm, Mysore 0 to 2.5±0.1ppm, Hunsur 0.5±0 – 1.29±0ppm, and KR Nagara 0.29±0.18 – 1.43±0.30 ppm. Out of 25 villages, 13 in Mandya district and 1 in Mysore district consists of the maximum fluoride content over the 1.5 mg/L allowable limit.
Drought Mediated Morphological and Physiological Alterationsin legumes
Dr. Suhana Rao1, Dr. Sushil Kumar2, Dr. Sombir Singh3 *, Dr. Vijay Kumar4 & Dr. Neeraj Kumar5Drought stress significantly impends plant growth and agricultural productivity, especially with the increasing global population and climate change.Legumes, which account for a significant portion of global agricultural output and protein supply, are particularly vulnerable to drought, affecting their growth, developmentand yield. Despite the well-documented adverse effects of drought on various crops, there is a lack of comprehensive research on the responses and adaptive mechanisms of legume crops to drought stress. This review explores the multifaceted impacts of drought stress on legumes, from seed germination, morphology, physiological processes to yield outcomes and also the adaptive mechanisms that enable them to tolerate such stress. Understanding these mechanisms is vital for developing strategies to enhance legume productivity under drought conditions.
Biomagnifications of Heavy Metals in Aquatic Inhabitants
Mudity1, Vishal Rajput1*, Vijay Kumar1, Vivek Kumar1, Simran Bhatt1, Survesh Rustagi2The natural aquatic ecosystems are being significantly impacted by the discharge of wastewater containing harmful heavy metals from the industrial sector without proper treatment of contaminated water. As a result, harmful heavy metals collected in various aquatic animal organs, such as fish tissues or organ systems, disrupting their physiological pathways and lowering their rate of development and reproduction. Bioaccumulation is a sustainable method for addressing heavy metal toxicity in polluted aquatic environments. Additionally, by modifying the harmful effects of certain heavy metals, bioremediation aids in improving the physical conditions of fish. Additionally, it contributes to the productivity of aquatic ecosystems by using the proper bioremediation techniques, which can significantly recycle water to reduce water waste and significantly reduce bio-contaminants by decomposing organic matter and increasing environmental biosafety.
Design Thinking as a Pedagogical Approach in Educational Settings: A Systematic Review
Rupali Pandit1, Prof. Ina Shastri2 , Ajay Surana3Design thinking (DT) is a creative, innovative and human-centred mindset and process which employs multi-disciplinary collaborative teams to yield user-focused experiences or services and products. DT stands as a promising teaching approach in education since it is constructed on the notion that student learns through dealing with wicked issues. Such an approach to implement in a school setting is not straightforward. Through systematic literature review, the study enumerates reports, reviews, different scholarly works and theoretical reflections to enhance the understanding of DT context, benefits, affordances, effects, limitations, outcomes and purpose of DT in the education sector. The article explicated the systematic article selection about characteristics of DT, to make it fruitful in education, its approach, how it is innovatively utilised to develop pedagogy in K-12 schools, lessons learnt in its application, techniques and tools applied in DT. The existing literature was reviewed, and studies were synthesised to bring out a preliminary analysis of the researchers on DT to be used as a pedagogical approach in K-12 schools. However, the paper seeks to enunciate how this design education offers a sound-based foundation not alone towards traditional academic education or professionals indulged in knowledge or design-based industries, but significantly it imparts problem-skills like curiosity, innovation, communication, citizenship, empathy, social skills, facilitation, critical ideas thinking and creativity by this DT approach on school students. Since these skills traverse beyond peculiar knowledge-focussed fields and lie sound-based for a person’s career, hence this DT-based education is recommended to be utilised as a paradigm to get adopted in school.
Teacher effectiveness is a cornerstone of educational quality and student achievement. In India, recent reforms under the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, the National Curriculum Framework for Foundational Stage (NCF-FS) 2022, the National Curriculum Framework for School Education (NCF-SE) 2023, and the Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan aim to elevate the quality of teaching across the country. This research paper delves into the concept of teacher effectiveness within the framework of these reforms, exploring how they intend to address challenges in teacher preparation, professional development, and resource allocation. Through a comprehensive analysis, this paper identifies the implications for educational practice and policy, while also highlighting the potential barriers to successful implementation.
The writing of this paper aims to report on the results of research conducted on the conservation and sustainability of turtle in Bakungan Island, Sandakan and Bohey Dulang Island, Semporna in Sabah, Malaysia. Nowadays, turtles have been categorized as among the endangered species of life due to various factors. In fact, this study aims to find out what is the alternatives of conservation and survival of newborn turtle in addition to continuing to release the newly born turtle into the sea only. Based on the study, the method of releasing newly born turtles into the sea is no longer practical nowadays due to the existence of various predators in the coastal areas. The results from this study showing this problem can be overcome by not releasing the newly born turtle directly into the sea but preserved this newly born turtle until the shell of the turtle shell has become hard by using several methods such as the pond, tank and cage.
The Mastery of Malay Language among Tamil School Students
1Thulasirani A/P Munuyandi, 2Salina Husain, 3Mohd Azidan Abdul Jabar, 4Zuraini JusohThis analysis centers on characterizing the degree of verbal mastery of the verb in the Malay language using the questionnaire by Tamil school students. The target of study is to assess the verb mastery in Malay language among Tamil school students through the use of Test application. Besides, this study analyzed the factors that influence verb dominance in the Malay language. The quantitative survey research design was utilized to convey questionnaires among 100 Tamil students. The outcomes show that Tamil students are as yet weak on Malay verb data while utilizing the test (N = 1.96; SD = 0.46). This shows that Tamil students are as yet unfit to offer enormous displays and are truly impacted by their primary language. Its essentials are feeble in Malay because of its attitude, absence of teaching materials, teacher attitude, and parental point of view. The consequences of this study shows that all groups ought to assume a part in further developing the verb dominance of the Malay verb utilized by Tamil students. This implies that they don't keep away from training, particularly in issues of the Malay language. Later on the verb mastery of English language can be investigated using test application.
Impact of Religion on Populace Participation in Politics for National Development
Adeyemi Olusegun Adewuyi1, Victor Ifatokun2, Ajani, Ezekiel Oladapo3This paper examined the Impact of Religion on Populace Participation in Politics for National Development. Religion, the opium of the masses, has become a strong determining factor for people’s participation in politics. The influence of religion on politics is visible in the participation of the populace in political matters or issues. This means religion can enhance or affect national development. The research adopted a descriptive design while data was reported qualitatively. Findings revealed that religion had contributed positively and negatively to politics and that some adherence to religious and moral values enhanced peace and national development. At the same time, some disturbed progressive peace and national development. The work recommends that political officeholders adhere to the positive tenets of their faiths, which promote the welfare of the human race.
Green Solutions: Handmade Paper from the Invasive Weed Artemisia Absinthium
1Dr. M. Vishnu Priya*,2Dr. K. Rajaprian,3Mr. S. Arul,4Ms. K. ShaliniThis study explores the potential of Artemisia absinthium, commonly known as wormwood, as a sustainable raw material for paper production. As environmental concerns about deforestation and pollution grow, the search for alternative, eco-friendly resources becomes increasingly important. A. absinthium, known for its fast growth and abundance, offers a promising solution. The research involved the extraction and processing of fibers from wormwood plants, followed by their conversion into pulp suitable for paper manufacturing. The mechanical and chemical properties of the resulting paper were evaluated and compared with conventional wood-based paper. Results indicated that wormwood-derived paper exhibits comparable strength, durability, and printability, while also being more biodegradable. Additionally, the cultivation of the weed requires fewer agricultural inputs, such as water and fertilizers, making it a more sustainable crop. This study also highlights the economic benefits for farmers and industries in regions where wormwood is readily available. By utilizing A. absinthium as a raw material, the paper industry can reduce its ecological footprint and contribute to a more sustainable future. Further research is recommended to optimize the processing techniques and explore the potential of combining wormwood fibres with other natural fibres to enhance paper quality. The findings of this study advocate for the inclusion of A. absinthium in the repertoire of raw materials for eco-friendly paper production, marking a significant step towards sustainable industrial practices.
The Impact of Sustainability Reporting on the Brand Performance
1Agama, Emieseifa James,2Udoh, Francis Sylvanus, 3Diyoke, Kenneth Onyeka, 4Saji George, 5Nwoye May IfeomaSustainability reporting has established itself as an essential tool capable of assisting firms and organisations in meeting the rising need for openness from consumers, investors, other stakeholders, and society in general. The study was necessitated following the persistent application of sustainability reporting tools to influence brand performance. The study adopts a cross sectional survey research design, and with an infinite population A sample size 384, the proportionate sampling technique was used in administering the five-point Likert scale structured questionnaire to different categories of the banks’ customers. The result of the study indicated that on a general note, the impact of sustainability reporting on brand performance of the banks is significant. Also, after the introduction of mediating variable media exposure, the model R-square and R-square adjusted was seen to have improved (68.2% and 67.9%) respectively, implying that the introduction of the mediation variable improves the explanatory power of the model and thus more robust. Based on these findings the study concluded that organisations need to report and communicate their sustainability efforts to enhance the perception of their customers. The study recommends the deepening of social responsibility through the improvement of engagement via the media. Similarly, there is the need for the banks to ensure transparency, participation, and accountability in communicating their corporate social responsibility activities.
The Impact of Work-Related Stress on Job Burnout among Nurses: A Systematic Review
1Ahmed Faisal Aloudah*; 2Abdulaziz Abdulwahab Mohammad Alshehri; 3Ali Mathkar Almutairi; 4Abdulaziz Awad sh Alanazi; 5Faris Saad Almutairi & 6Tareq Rajeh AlbagamiThe current study aims to systematically review and analyze the relationship between work-related stress and job burnout among nurses, focusing on how stress contributes to burnout development. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (Prisma) guidelines. The review searched databases including Medline, Psyc Info, Pub Med, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science from January 2018 to June 2024, supplemented by Google Scholar and manual reference list checks, with duplicate records removed. The review included 19 studies involving 10,486 nurses, including 18 cross-sectional and one qualitative study. Findings revealed a range of burnout and stress levels among nurses, from low to high, with most studies confirming a positive relationship between work-related stress and burnout. Additionally, some research indicated that work-related stress impacts burnout indirectly through various mediating factors. The review highlights the need for interventions that address stress management and mediators to effectively reduce burnout among nurses, suggesting that future research should focus on longitudinal studies and the exploration of mediators in diverse settings to better understand and mitigate burnout in nursing practice.
"Unlocking Ecotourism Opportunities through Biodiversity Conservation in Pench National Park"
Ku. Neeleshwari1, Sanjay Singh Chauhan2 & Ravikant Singh3*This study explores the potential of unlocking ecotourism opportunities in Pench National Park through biodiversity conservation. By analysing the park’s rich biodiversity, including key species such as the Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris), Indian leopard (Panthera pardus fusca), and numerous bird species, we examine the synergy between conservation efforts and ecotourism development. The study used a mixed-methods approach, combining field surveys, interviews with local stakeholders, and data analysis of wildlife population trends and tourist influx. Results indicate a 15% increase in wildlife sightings over the last three years, correlating with a 20% rise in ecotourism activities. Data from local communities highlight that 65% of households now benefit economically from tourism-related activities, showing that biodiversity conservation efforts directly support sustainable livelihoods. However, challenges such as habitat fragmentation and human-wildlife conflict were noted, necessitating more integrated conservation strategies. The findings demonstrate that Pench National Park has significant potential for ecotourism, but success hinges on continuous conservation efforts and stakeholder collaboration. Ecotourism, if developed responsibly, can provide a sustainable economic model while preserving the park’s ecological integrity, ultimately supporting both conservation and local development goals.
Insurgency in Assam: with Special Refrence to the ULFA in the Last Decade of the 20th Century
Dr. Shirumoni BaruahAssam considered as the gateway to the Northeast of India was a hot bed for numerous socio-political crises in the last two decades of the 20th centuries. It is a land of rich natural resources such as oil, tropical forest, tea, coal, timber, silk etc. The strong sense of exploitation and deprivation has helped to generate the separatist tendencies among the masses of the region. It is said that Assamese nationalism articulated first in 1979 as a protest against immigration from Bangladesh. A moderate section of leaders of the Assam movement demanded detection and deportation of all foreigners from Assam. On the other hand the radicals formed the militant organization i.e. ULFA (United Liberation Front of Assam). During this period some youths decided to take arms to carry out armed struggle to bring a revolutionary change in the political sphere of the state. Corruption in the government machinery, unemployment, influx of illegal migrants, exploitation of natural resources by the Central government without any benefit of the local people contribute the youths to support ULFA. During its first five years of it establishment this militant organization had not only engaged in some unlawful activities but also on some constructive works. But gradually, they lost its popularity and strength due to numerous factors. In this work an attempt has been made to analyze the activities of ULFA which had a great impact on socio-political and economic scenario of Assam in the last decade of the 20th century
This study aims to investigate the challenges and opportunities in Pakistan's international trade, focusing on the impact of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) on trade volumes with key partners. Employing a gravity model, the research assesses the effects of FTAs on trade volumes between Pakistan and its principal trading partners, including the U.S., EU, and China. Additionally, a TOWS analysis is conducted to develop strategies for maximizing export potential and reducing import reliance. The findings reveal that Pakistan has not fully leveraged FTAs to enhance trade volumes, despite substantial trade potential. The analysis highlights the need for improved infrastructure and strategic FTA implementation to boost exports. Diversifying trade partnerships and entering new markets are identified as crucial for achieving sustainable economic growth .This study provides a comprehensive analysis of Pakistan's trade dynamics through the lens of FTAs and offers practical recommendations for policymakers. The insights can guide strategies to strengthen Pakistan's trade performance and economic stability.
"Digital Technologies- Innovation and Challenges towards M-Banking using IRT"
1Gazal Sharma*: 2Dr. Monika Mathur**Digital Banking has seen remarkable growth in both advanced and developing economies, but it is particularly intriguing in a number of emerging nations like India. However, mobile banking systems encounter a number of benefits as well as barriers. The failure of banking clients to embrace mobile banking is a significant challenge. Purpose: The study aims to provide light on the skepticism around applications for mobile banking. The present standards for evaluating user resistance to mobile banking apps are modified by this research. The study used the Innovation Resistance Model to examine the relationships between a number of consumer barriers and their behavioral intent to use mobile banking apps, as well as their perception of trust. Design/Methodology Approach: Primary data from 500 respondents through questionnaire has been collected through simple random sampling technique. Partial Least Square- Structural Equation Modelling Technique is applied to analyse the results. Findings: The study found that the value barrier along with traditional barriers, served as a major deterrent to people's non adoption of mobile banking. The findings suggest that the removal of barriers related with customers' perceptions of value as well as risk in banking are also important factors, followed by the provision of information and awareness programmes by financial institutions. Practical Implication: Customers can benefit in a number of ways from mobile banking features, some of which may have far-reaching effects on the digital economy. The study will assist banks in understanding and implementing strategies for the adoption process, enabling them to improve the quality of services offered to their customers. Theoretical Implication: This study aims to give an insight on consumers’ behavioural intention towards the factors considered as resistance for the adoption of technology under Innovation Resistance Technology Model.
Analysis of the Bibliometric method is a guideline for undertaking research that helps to understand the prevailing body of knowledge. The study used bibliometrics analysis to understand present-day research trends in Economic Growth, Employment, and Poverty Reduction. Web of Science (WOS) database is used to extract relevant research in the area of Economic Growth, Employment, and Poverty published from 1989 to 2023. The research analysis used Web of Science, Microsoft Excel, and VOS-viewer. This study identified the, vastly cited publications, noted authors, substantial themes, and co-citations in research trends showing interlinkages between Economic Growth, Employment, and Poverty Reduction. The findings of the research will hold substantial importance for scholars, researchers, and policymakers as they will gain insights into the focal points, emerging themes, and the overall progression of research in this field. Moreover, it will facilitate the identification of prolific authors, institutions, or regions that significantly contribute to the literature on linkages of poverty, employment, and a country’s economic growth.
Estimation of Salivary Sialic Acid Levels in Chronic Period on this Patients
Dr. Sri Sruthi Preman1,*Dr. Beeula.A2, Dr. S. Shamala3, Dr. Devi. M4, Dr. Adhithya. B5 & Dr. Kokila. S6Background: Gingivitis and periodontitis stand as the most common oral ailments, impact in gapproximately 50% of the adult human population. SA serves as a significant source of bacterial pathogens and plays a crucial role in the colonization of periodontal pathogens. It facilitates bacterial aggregation and contributes to the formation of pellicle and dental plaque. Aim: Toestimate and comparethesalivary Sialicacidlevelsinhealthy controls, gingivitis& chronic periodontitis patients. Material and Methods: Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from 60 participants Group I, (healthy controls, n=20), Group II (gingivitis, n=20), Group III (Individuals with periodontitis, n=20). Evaluation of periodontal health was done by calculating plaque index, measuring probing depth, and Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL). The saliva samples were collected, and centrifuged at8000 rpm for 12mins and biochemical analysis was done using the Acidic Ninhydrin method. Results: The mean salivary sialic acid levels in Group 3, Group 2, and Group 1 were 1.4785μg/ml, 1.115μg/ml, and 0.43μg/ml. These differences were found to best atistically significant (p<0.001). It is clear that as the severity of periodontal disease progresses from Group I to III, the average levels of SA in saliva also noticeably rise from Group I to Group III. Conclusion: Our study has shown significant results of increased salivary Sialic acid levels in periodontitis compared to healthy controls. Thereby estimation of salivary sialic acid levels is noninvasive, reliable, and cost-effective can be used as an adjunctto determine the current periodontal disease status, and monitor response to therapy, and assess the treatment outcomes.
Crosstalk Noise Modeling for Coupled SWCNT Bundle Interconnects using MRTD Technique
Dr. Bhaskar Gugulothu & Dr. B. Rajendra NaikThis paper analyzes the crosstalk effects of resistive driven single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundle interconnects. The wavelet-based numerical model Multiresolution Time Domain (MRTD) approach is used for interconnects analysis. The performance of the proposed model MRTD against the traditional Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) model and the SPICE tool is used to evaluate the global interconnects at 32nm technology node. Mathematical equations are done using MATLAB. For various test cases, the effect of line resistances on crosstalk effects were evaluated for delay measurement, while in-phase, out-phase and functional crosstalk, the average errors is observed to be less than 2.9%, 1.86% and 1.78% respectively, and also the estimated noise peak voltage, is less than 1 percent on average. In that observation, proposed MRTD model dominates the traditional FDTD as accurately as the results of the SPICE simulation. This approach can be used to resolve the problems of electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic compatibility of on-chip interconnects.
Quantitative Study on the Preferred Mode of Counselling in Botswana: Group Versus Individual
1Tshidi M Wyllie, 2Rethabile Rittah Mmonadibe, 3Muraina K. OlanrewajuCounselling is one of the evidence-based interventions intended to help people processthe psychosocial challenges they face in day-to-day life. It is considered an effective service to help people cope with mentally draining issues. Often people facing various psychosocial challenges seek counselling and are referred by family members or employers for psychosocial support in the hope of finding relief, addressing emotional dysregulation and processing related issues. Therefore, counselling can be helpful for people experiencing various stressors such as divorce, grief, loss of a job, financial problems and many other socio-economic challenges. Often, two modes of counselling are used by psychotherapists and counsellors; Individual and Group counselling. The main purpose of this study was to establish the most preferred mode of counselling in Botswana, determine the fears individuals have towards Group counselling and examine why Batswana are uncomfortable with counselling. The findings of this quantitative study revealed that majority of Batswana prefer individual counselling as opposed to group counselling. The study deployed a quantitative research method and collected quantitative data through the use of a questionnaire. An online survey was conducted through Google Forms and the Google link for the questionnairewas shared on social media platforms such as Facebook, Linked Inand WhatsApp. Respondents consented online and only 100 respondents took part. The study established that people have fears of accessing group counselling due to confidentiality concerns. The authors of this article concludethat the majority of Batswana prefer individual counselling to group counselling, provide recommendations for creating awareness, and clinical supervision of counsellorsand suggestpossible future research areas.
Magnetic therapy utilizing Pulsed Electro Magnetic Field (PEMF) and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) has emerged as a promising non-invasive neuromodulating therapy for the treatment of various chronic pain syndromes. This paper highlights the effectiveness of PEMF and TENS in providing pain relief, as reported by numerous patients. Researchers have been investigating the impact of electric and magnetic fields on biological tissues to better understand the mechanisms underlying these therapies [1][2]. The efficacy of TENS is influenced by several factors, including the specific condition being treated, the placement of electrodes on the skin, and the settings of the TENS unit such as pulse frequency, duration, and intensity [3][4]. However, despite the widespread use of TENS, there remains a need for further evaluation of its effectiveness, particularly in assessing parameters such as stiffness and lack of mobilization [5][6]. Future studies should aim to comprehensively explore these factors to enhance our understanding of TENS efficacy and optimize its therapeutic outcomes for chronic pain management [7]. Superficial Heating Modalities (SHM) represent valuable therapeutic tools in the management of musculoskeletal conditions and pain syndromes [8][9]. Whether applied superficially or deeply, heat therapy can effectively alleviate pain, improve flexibility, and enhance tissue healing [10][11]. By understanding the mechanisms of action and clinical applications of different heating modalities, healthcare professionals can optimize their use to promote patient comfort and recovery [12][13]. The 50 Hz vibration in physiotherapy kits enhances muscle function, circulation, and healing [14][15]. The device generates 50 cycles per second, stimulating muscle spindles, leading to a tonic vibration reflex (TVR) that improves muscle tone and strength by repeated contractions [16][17]. It increases neural activity, improving neuromuscular pathways, muscle coordination, and control, beneficial for rehabilitation and training [18]. Enhanced blood flow and lymphatic circulation from vibrations aid in faster recovery and reduced soreness by dilating blood vessels [19]. It also modulates pain by stimulating large-diameter afferent nerve fibers, inhibiting pain signal transmission through the spinal cord, reducing pain sensation in treated areas [20].
Deep Learning Image Processing in Medicinal Plant Industry Approach
1Amrita Arjun Kindalkar, 2Dr. J. Venkata KrishnaBackground/Purpose: The integration of deep learning techniques in image processing has shown significant potential in various fields, including the identification and analysis of medicinal plants. Methodology/Approach: The relevant information and specifics for this case study on image processing using deep learning were gathered from a number of research projects that were presented at conferences, reference papers, and websites pertaining to the medicinal plant business. Developing a theoretical notion may be achieved by constructing the model and doing analysis using the ABCD substructure. Findings/Results: By enhancing the accuracy and efficacy of plant identification and analysis, the use of deep learning image processing in medicinal plants has the potential to completely transform the sector. Conclusion: This research examines the applicability and significance of deep learning and recognition of images in the current context of the medicinal plant sector. Paper Type: Analysis of the research based on the case study.
Management of Abruptio Placenta with DIC- Amultidisciplinary Approach
Madhushree C N1, Ashok Kumar K2Pregnancy-related DIC(disseminated intravascular coagulation)is an unusualbut serious consequence. The most frequent associated complication with acute DIC patients is placental abruption. Case: We are reporting a case of G2P1L1 with 29 weeks period of gestation referred from a local hospital with severe abdominal pain and bleeding per vagina, which was diagnosed as a case of Abruptio placentae. Intrauterine fetal death was confirmed on the ultrasound. Under general anesthesia, Emergency caesarean section was done in view of severe abruption with poor bishop score. Extracted a dead male fetus weighing 1.15 kg. Retroplacental clot of around 500gram present with average blood loss of 2000ml with Couvelaire uterus. Intraoperatively 2-unit PRBC transfusion done. Post operatively patient developed DIC with severe anemia. Patient shifted to ICU and managed with transfusion of 5unit PRBC,11FFP, 4RDP and managed successfully. Conclusion: Placental abruption with DIC should be managed carefully as it is associated with serious perinatal as well as maternal outcome. Early detection along with multidisciplinary approach is required to manage successfully.
Cultural Heritage and Eco-friendly Tourism: Exploring the Indigenous Traditions of Northeast India
Dr. Saswati Bordoloi1, Dr. Indrajit Dutta2As global tourism continues to grow, there is a critical need to evolve beyond traditional leisure travel towards models that prioritize environmental sustainability. This is especially vital in regions like Northeast India, where tourism can impose significant stress on both ecological systems and cultural heritage. The principles of ecological wisdom, which advocate for conservation and sustainable management, are crucial for safeguarding these invaluable resources. This study investigates the current state of tourism in Northeast India through a comprehensive approach that includes literature review, field research, and consultations with local stakeholders. The research aims to identify and promote strategies for responsible tourism that minimize environmental impact and support biodiversity conservation. It also explores how eco-friendly tourism practices can aid in the preservation of the region’s diverse cultural heritage, with a particular focus on notable sites such as Kaziranga National Park, the living root bridges of Meghalaya, and the monasteries of Arunachal Pradesh. The findings emphasize the necessity for adopting sustainable tourism practices to protect Northeast India’s natural and cultural assets. Practical recommendations are offered for policymakers, tourism operators, and visitors, underscoring the importance of conservation and responsible tourism in fostering sustainable development.
Hyperglycemia and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Study
Dr Thabah Rajani; Dr Lyngdoh Nari M; Dr Sailo Laltanpuii; Dr Thopi Wewute Dr Nongbet DasaraBackground and Aims: Hyperglycemia has been linked to adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients, and poor glycemic control may contribute to a higher risk of poor outcomes and death in COVID-19 patients. We hypothesise that hyperglycemia may contribute greatly to COVID-19 mortality, and we aim to assess the association between hyperglycemia and mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Methods: This retrospective study included sixty COVID-19 patients admitted to the COVID-19 ICU from July 2020 to July 2021. Patients were divided into four groups based on random blood sugar at admission to the COVID-19 ICU. The number of deaths in each group was recorded. The data collected was analysed using the statistical package SPSS version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, 1L), and a Fisher exact test was performed to find out the association between hyperglycemia and mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Results: The frequency and percentage of mortality in various groups were derived based on random blood sugar on admission to the COVID-19 ICU. The Fisher exact test showed no significant association between the random blood sugar level and mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients (P > 0.001). The frequency and percentage of the demographic profile of the participants (N = 60) were obtained, and the median + SD age in years was 48 + 16. Conclusion: Among the sixty patients who were investigated, 58.3 percent of them survived, and our study showed no significant association between random blood sugar levels and mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Constraints in Broiler Poultry Farming in Indian Punjab
Rudhita Goel & Jasdeep Singh ToorLagging of agriculture in providing sufficient surplus to the farmers opened the doors for the allied sector and poultry farming has emerged as one of the major contributors.Although poultry production reaping economic and social benefits remains unabated but the constraints faced by the farmers during and after the production process creates hinderances in making it the most remunerative business.The present paper aims to throw light on the problems faced by the broiler poultry farmers in the Punjab state. The study has been conducted with the heads of broiler poultry farmers selected using a three stage stratified random sampling. A sample of 338 broiler poultry farmers has been collected from the top Eight districts of Punjabas it covers three-fourths of the bird population. Descriptive analysis has been conducted to estimate frequencies and percentages of the responses.On the production side, farmers have faced the major constraint of expensive feed, day old chicks and vaccines, exploitation by the companies, shortage of skilled labour, lack of improved breeds, low quality feed, costly labour, uneasy availability of finance (loan), lack of government support and cultural & religious barriers in undertaking the broiler poultry farmingoperations. In case of health constraint, among diseases, Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) is the most common disease, followed by underweight as well as overweight chickens and untimely veterinary service. There is existence of that affects the supply conditions in poultry farming.
Influence of Social Media Usage of New Mothers on Quality of Child Care
Dr. N.PremaThere is a view among common people is, when the parents are using social media, especially the mother’s usage gives negative impact on child rearing practice. As per the results ofsome research,we came to know that, when the parentsusing social media, they will havestress, depression andmental health issues. This study aimed to understand the influence of social media usage of new mothers on quality of child care. One hundred and thirty new mothers were taken as sample in the beginning to know how many new mothers are using social media. Finally, 120 new mothers who are using social media were taken for in-depth analysis excluding ten of them were not using social media for some valid reasons. Semi-structured interview method has been adopted to collect the relevant data for this research. Out of 120 sample, only ten percentage of new mothers are using Social Media for Health information even though they have small child/children. The remaining mothers are using it for other purposes, such as cooking, entertainments etc. Fifty percentage of young mothers are using Social media for more than three hours. This kind of attitude makes the other members of the family to get irritated. So that they are dissatisfied with the quality of Child care of new mothers.
Language and Gender-based Violence: A study of Buchi Emecheta's the Joys of Motherhood
Ebere Celina. Krisagbedo1 & Chris Uchenna Agbedo2This article examines the relationship between language and gender- based violence with aim of establishing the crucial role language plays in the initiation, execution, perpetuation and resistance of gender-based violence (GBV hereafter), using Buchi Emecheta’s novel, The Joys of Motherhood, as a case study. GBV is no doubt a double faceted phenomenon as it affects both genders, but the female gender is the most vulnerable. The paper adopted Giles’ Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) as a framework, and equally used qualitative research method to interrogate instances of GBV with special focus on the linguistic strategies employed by the male characters in the novel to exert power and dominance over women resulting in severe gender abuse. The analysis focused on how characters adjust their use of language at different points in time to align with or challenge the societal norms and cultural expectations of gender roles in a highly patriarchal setting. The result of the analysis indicates that communication accommodation with regard to GBV in the novel manifests at two levels: the convergence and the divergence levels, the former is used to perpetuate GBV while the later serves as a tool for its resistance. The study therefore, underscores the need to understand the role of language in perpetuating gender-based violence and calls for the development of communication strategies that can facilitate gender equality and promote non-violent communication.
This research explores the development and evaluation of a single-basin solar still integrated with a concentrator for water desalination. Various experimental parameters were investigated, including water depths, sensible heat storage materials, latent heat materials, and porous substances under controlled heat inputs. The study incorporated a heat exchanger within the concentrator to enhance the temperature of the standard solar still. The collector tray, with an area of 0.9 m² and made from 4 mm thick galvanized iron (G.I.) sheet, was painted black and connected to a heat exchanger pipe. The glass cover was positioned at a 30-degree angle. Water depths of 2 cm, 3 cm, and 4 cm were tested to assess their impact on still efficiency, alongside the use of sensible heat storage materials, latent heat materials, and porous materials. The highest evaporation rate of 2220 ml/m² was recorded at a 2 cm water depth. The use of sensible heat storage materials in the concentrator led to the shortest payback period.
Two- and Three-Dimensional Partial Differential Equations Solved by using the DTM
Rohit Anandrao Nagargoje1, Ananya Manwal2, Amol Shirsath3In this work, using the differential transform approach, we get an approximate series solution for various partial differential equations in this study. By solving higher-order two- and three-dimensional partial differential equations, the DTM minimizes the amount of calculus effort.
Working Environment and Job Satisfaction: A Study on Banking Sector
Dr.Binay Krishna HalderThe aim of this paper is to determine the relationship between working environment and job satisfaction in banking sector in the city of Kolkata, India. Simple random sampling is used for collection of data. The standard structure questionnaire is administered for collection of data from 230 employees working in banking sector in the city of Kolkata.The standard structured questionnaire named “Working Environment (WE) Scale”designed and developed bySpector (1997), and Job Satisfaction (JS) Scale designed and developed by Weiss et al. (1967) was administered. The hypotheses formulated in the study were analysed by using appropriate statistical test like mean, SD, t-test, ANOVA and regression analysis. The results reveals that the working environment and job satisfaction is positively correlated and has a positive relationship between working environment and job satisfaction of the employees in banking sector. The study concludes that the organisation needs to understand the importance of the healthy working environment for achieving the highest level of job satisfaction of the employees.High level of job satisfaction leads to motivate their employees and encourage to work hard for attaining the goals and objectives of the organisation.
Risk Assessment and Association of Oral Leukoplakia and Tobacco Related Habits in Jammu Region
1Dr Azra Kouser; 2Dr Rubeena Anjum; 3Dr Pradakhshana Vijay; 4Dr Manisha Koul; 5Dr Priyanka Singh; 6Syed Ali RaffanIntroduction: Leukoplakia is an asymptomatic and potentially malignant disorder in the oral mucosa and high frequencies have been reported among smokers. Tobacco chewing and smoking have been identified as major risk factors for oral pre-cancer and cancer in India. The incidence and prevalence of oral leukoplakia vary among different populations in India due to cultural and demographic differences.The present study emphasizes the assessment of leukoplakia and tobacco use, as well as the associations between the two, in the region of Jammu. This can aid in research and help in future efforts to frame policy-making in tobacco control. Aim and Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of oral leukoplakia and tobacco related habits and to assess the risk of developing oral leukoplakia in patients and tobacco-related habits among the inhabitants of Jammu region. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 cases were evaluated from July 2022- March 2024 based on age, gender, tobacco-related habits, and histopathological diagnosis. This study includes the histopathologically confirmed cases of the white lesions with no malignant changes during clinical diagnosis and Cases reported as carcinoma, patients associated with syndromes, and those patients with incomplete clinical or histopathological details were excluded.Pearson's correlation coefficient was utilized to assess the strength and relationship between variables. The statistical analysis between two variables was performed using the chi-square test. Specifically, the chi-square test was applied to examine the relationship between the duration of habits and histopathological diagnosis, with a p-value of less than 0.05 being considered statistically significant. Result and conclusion: Out of 120 white lesions identified, approximately 60 cases (50 %) were diagnosed as oral leukoplakia. Five percent of the population reported both tobacco and alcohol consumption. The age group most frequently affected was 41-50.Smoking was more commonly used by the study participants (73%) than tobacco consumption (27%).The oral health care providers must take utmost care and vigilance to diagnose the lesion at initial stages and provide appropriate treatment modalities and effective tobacco interventions and policy making for tobacco control.
Green Marketing Practices for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in Bangladesh
Purbasha Dash1 & Mosa. Shely Khatun2This paper explores the role of green marketing in promoting sustainable development and its impact on consumer behavior. Green marketing involves the integration of environmental considerations into marketing practices to address consumer demand for eco-friendly products and services. Through an extensive review of literature and case studies, this paper highlights the growing importance of green marketing as a strategic tool for businesses aiming to achieve a competitive advantage while contributing to environmental sustainability. Key topics include the influence of green marketing on consumer purchase intentions, the challenges and opportunities faced by businesses in adopting green practices, and the role of green marketing in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) in developing countries, particularly in Bangladesh. The paper also examines the green marketing mix, which encompasses product, price, place, and promotion strategies that align with environmental objectives. Findings suggest that green marketing not only enhances consumer satisfaction and loyalty but also plays a crucial role in advancing global sustainability efforts.
Infraorbital Space Infection Secondary to Presence of Foreign Body-Case Report
Dr Spoorthi T S; Dr Beena Roopak; Dr Habimunirunisa; Dr Madhumati Singh & Dr Mamatha N SInfraorbital space infections are rare but potentially severe complications arising from foreign body impalement in the maxillofacial region. This case report details a 52-year-old male presenting with left facial pain and swelling following a fall onto dry plant twig. The initial examination revealed diffuse swelling, erythema, and active pus drainage in the left infraorbital region. Despite preliminary care, the patient's symptoms persisted, leading to further investigation. A Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scan revealed subcutaneous edema and hematoma, but did not initially identify the foreign body. Upon debridement, a 6 cm wooden particle was discovered and removed under local anesthesia. The patient was treated with intravenous antibiotics, analgesics, and corticosteroids, and showed significant improvement post-operatively. The culture and sensitivity testing of the pus drained revealed no bacterial growth, and the patient was discharged with a course of oral antibiotics. Follow-up demonstrated complete resolution of the infection, with satisfactory wound healing. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges posed by organic foreign bodies, which may not be readily visible on imaging studies. The importance of thorough clinical examination, patient history, and appropriate imaging techniques is emphasized to prevent misdiagnosis and complications. The management of such injuries requires a multidisciplinary approach, including meticulous surgical debridement and adequate antibiotic coverage to ensure optimal outcomes. This case also highlights the necessity for heightened awareness and caution in cases of facial trauma, even when initial imaging does not suggest the presence of a foreign body.
NA
A Case Series on Variations in Superior Articulating Facets of Atlas and its Clinical Significance
Khrieketouzo Chielie1, Leon Ranjoline Guria2*, Thoudam Bedita Devi2Introduction: The atlanto-occipital joint strains predominantly induce a tension-like headache which is caused as a result of a prolonged and an inappropriate posture which results from a poor ergonomic adaptation. Superior articulating facets on atlas are usually concave, with concavity in both longitudinal and transverse directions. However, variations have been reported in shape of its superior articulating surfaces. The anatomy of the atlas is essential to understand the basis for Craniovertebral junction anomalies and their surgical correction. Material and Methods: This study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy of Shija Academy of Health Sciences, Imphal, Manipur. During routine undergraduate studies, variant superior articulating surfaces of atlas were observed in 10 bones. Result: Out of the 10 cases, three cases were observed to have comma shaped articulating surfaces,dumb bell shaped was observed in one vertebrae and complete separation of articulating surfaces was seen in fourvertebrae along with two vertebrae showing irregular superior articulating facets. Conclusion: In recent years, considerable innovations in the internal fixation techniques have created a need for more detailed quantitative description of the anatomy of this bone. Thus, the anatomy of the cervical vertebrae or the spine is of great clinical importance to surgeons, as a surgical procedure may be done through the anterior or posterior cervical spine, with gratifying results
Performance Analysis of World Happiness using Machine Learning Algorithms
Dr. S. LakshmiHappiness is the ultimate goal of each and every individual. It is very challenging task to define the happiness and measure the happiness since the perception of happiness may differ for everyone. Phycologists are trying to assess the happiness by considering some key signs such as “Feeling satisfied”, “Enjoying the positive and healthy relationship with others”, “Experiencing gratitude”, “Practicing kindness”, “Being with loved ones or friends” and “Willingness to take challenges”. The purpose of this paper is to conduct the study on world happiness report dataset and find out the main features of happiness of the human beings. It has been identified that the GDP per capita is the main factor for happiness. The second choice is the life span of the human being. The GDP and Life expectancy played a major role to decide the happiness score and this could be the general opinion of all human without any doubt and hesitation. Being healthy and wealthy people are all happy in their real life? In this paper, I try to find out answer for this question by considering other factors of the world happiness index dataset.
Impact of Net Metering on Hybrid Renewable Energy System Economics in Mymensingh, Bangladesh
Md. Ahasan Habib1,Tanjim Taharat Aurpa2, Tanjim Mahmud3, Noshin Tahsin4, Md. Ashrafuzzaman 5, Jannatun Ferdous6,Md. Asaduzzaman Jemy7 & Md. Ahsan Habib8The integration of net metering into hybrid renewable energy systems significantly enhances their economic viability and promotes wider adoption of renewable technologies. This study employs Homer software to simulate and optimize various hybrid configurations, revealing that the inclusion of net metering reduces the cost of energy (COE) from $0.058 to $0.036 per kWh for systems comprising photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbine, diesel generators,and batteries. Net metering not only provides financial incentives for excess energy production but also improves grid stability and efficiency. Sensitivity analysis shows that rising diesel prices increase the COE for hybrid systems, emphasizing the economic benefits of net metering in mitigating such impacts. Additionally, net metering helps offset higher costs related to interest rates and capacity shortages, ultimately fostering a more resilient and cost-effective energy infrastructure. This study underscores the critical role of net metering in advancing sustainable energy solutions and supporting the transition to a renewable energy future.
Traditional Indian Medicine System Ayurved is treasure of knowledge, life principle ,health maintenance &disease cure secrets .Panchakarma, ( purification Therapy) help to expel toxin from body.Panchamahabhutas, Agni, Nadi Pareeksha, Ama, Tridosh, Sapt Dhatu, Shadvidh kriyakal, Prakriti, Pathya& Panchkarma are soul of Ayurved. Through the detoxification process, panchakarma is an Ayurvedic method of body purification. The five therapies—Vamana, Virechana, Basti, Nasya, and Rakthamoksha—along with the Panchakarma regimen generally eradicate the poisons. Our immune systems are bolstered and our bodies are revitalized through detoxification. The Tridoshas are balanced by Panchakarma. In order to suit time and logistical constraints, panchakarma can be done at home in addition to the usual ayurveda centre by a qualified and experienced ayurvedic practitioner. Ayurvedic guidelines and a few easy at-home remedies are used in panchakarma, a type of at-home medicine.There are some Panchkarma operations that can be performed at home, but the first step is to determine which kind of therapy would be most beneficial for a particular person. Thus, in order to determine the best course of action based on Ritu, Roga, the patient's Prakriti, and Poorvakarma and Paschatkarma, one must speak with a physician.
Mobile commerce has rapidly developed in the last few years. However, consumers' widespread acceptance of its transactions in Malaysia poses a significant obstacle for m-commerce suppliers. This paper proposes to examine the factors impacting mobile commerce use in Malaysia. Convenience sampling was employed to integrate TAM and TPB, and 350 surveys were collected online from customers residing in Selangor, Malaysia. The current study employed a two-stage structural equation modelling approach to investigate the research model and evaluate the hypotheses. The results show that perceived usefulness, subjective norms, and ease of use significantly impact consumers' intention to adopt m-commerce in Malaysia. In contrast, attitude and perceived behavioural control do not significantly impact the intention to use m-commerce. Hence, the findings of this paper offer significant advantages for m-commerce providers in Malaysia, particularly for firms that are working towards effectively adopting mobile commerce and enhancing consumers' willingness to utilise mobile commerce in Malaysia. The findings of this paper are advantageous for academics, marketers, policymakers, and practitioners.
Abdulrazak Gurnah is a Zanzibar-born British novelist and one of Africa's most well-known contemporary novelists. The novels written by him provide a distinctive picture of pre to postcolonial East Africa, and the effects which colonisation has on the people. The writings of Gurnah also depict the struggles that people belonging to East Africa had to face in the post-colonial age, both in and outside of their countries. Highlighting human relations has been one of the top priorities for Gurnah. In the postcolonial Western social sphere, the traditional concept of power associated with sovereignty, domination, threat or violence has been changed to surveillance, normalising judgements, categorization, discipline and observation of accepted hetero-normative social ideals which have further been complicated with the practice of apartheid. Gurnah’s novel Dottie is a saga of the journey of life of its protagonist, Dottie from a naive, exploited black girl to an independent, strong woman full of self-respect. While fighting desperately to raise her siblings and herself in a racist, white social structure she confronts constant oppressive power structure that posits and assigns the Blacks a peripheral exploited position besides confronting the power discourse of her own community which is used to subdue and subjugate the woman rights and voices. Her continuous struggle for women dignity and values and for educating herself emancipates her from this fatal predicament and transmogrifies her life, ultimately leading to her absorbency of existing power mechanism in order to make her fit and accepted in the contemporary socio-cultural setting.
Prolonged Internet use and its Impact on Daytime Work Efficiency among School Teachers
Gunamani, S1, Tamil Selvi,M2, Maruthavanan, A3, Hemalatha, P4 & Chitra,R5Background: Internet addiction is prevalent among all professionals’ groups and has many societal and health issues in prolonged internet users. But the research on the status of Internet addiction and its effect on feeling daytime sleepiness among school teachers are scanty which formed the basis of the study. Methods:A cross sectional study was conducted using Internet Addiction Scale (IAT) test and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) as instruments to assess internet addiction and its influence on daytime sleepiness among school teachers. The data was collected through online and analyzed for the statistical significance using software. Results:Out of 496 respondents, 42.74 and 57.26 per cent were females and males. About 52.82, 37.90 and 9.28 percent were 25-40, 41-50 and >50years age group respectively. The IAT score showed 45.97 per cent used internet normally. There were 34.88, 15.52 and 3.62 percent had mild, moderate and severe dependence upon internet respectively. However, no significant association was observed between demographic variables, age groups and internet addiction. The results of the ESS score revealed that 46.77 per cent respondents were unlikely to get daytime sleepiness while the remaining 42.34 per cent expressed the feeling of daytime sleepiness. About 10.89 per cent of respondents had higher ESS score (16 to 24) who needs to consider medical attention. A significant (p<0.001) positive association was found between males and females, and age groups with ESS scale score. All respondents in the study used internet more than two hours daily for purpose and spending leisure time. However, the duration of internet use by the both gender and age groups did not vary which showed that no difference in using internet for purpose and leisure time. Conclusion:It is concluded that presence of internet addiction and feeling daytime sleepiness is revealed among school teachers in the current study.
The Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution was identified as a good model for flood frequency analysis in hydrology. In this study, annual daily maximum flood heights data from 1970 to 2017 were modeled for five hydrometric sites in the Mahanadi River Basin, first time using the q-Generalized Extreme Value distribution (q-GEV) over GEV distribution model. The target of the study was met by estimating the parameters of the distributions using method of maximum likelihood estimation and performing Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Anderson-Darling and Cramer-von Mises goodness of fit tests; information based criteria AIC and BIC for q-GEV distribution and made comparison with GEV distribution. The simulation study was also conducted for checking the suitability of the model. The results revealed that q-GEV distribution performed better than GEV distribution in modeling the extreme events. This model is more helpful to water practitioners for predicting the extreme events and in taking necessary preparations to mitigate the bad effects of flooding on livings, crops and assets in the associated region.
Perceptions and attitudes are two concepts often used interchangeably and it is common for people to refer to a person’s attitude as perceptions to explain their behaviour. Attitudes may also be perceived as a complex construct as often it is a manifestation of a combination of attributes that include one’s personality, beliefs, values, behaviours and motivations. Pickens (2005, p.52) defines perceptions as “a mental or neural state of readiness, organised through experience, exerting a dynamic influence on the individual’s response to objects and situations to which it may be related”. Perceptions and attitudes play a significant role in human social behaviour.According to Pickens (2005), perceptions are related to attitudes and oftendifficult to differentiate. To establish the perceptions of counsellors towards clinical supervision (CS) in Botswana,two hundred and ten (210) counsellors and thirty-eight (38) supervisors were recruited to determine the level of access,theirknowledge of CS,attitudes, and CS practices. The study used the explanatory sequential research design;quantitative data was collected first and analysed to inform the qualitative data collection. The two data sets were merged through a meta-analysis to establish convergence and divergence. The total population sample was 248 practising counsellors of any gender drawn from 5 districts. More counsellors identified as females (79.3%),and (20.7%) as males; none indicated any other gender.The study revealed poor CS access, limited knowledge,limited training, and a lack of guiding principles. Surprisingly there were positive attitudes from both counsellors and supervisors and more convergence than divergence. The study recommends the development of a CS national framework, a review of the counsellor education curriculum,effective regulation and future researchto consider the use ofthe focus group method.
Sustainability Issues of Lower Subansiri Hydroelectric Power Project
1Dr. Shahiuz Zaman Ahmed; 1Ms. Neha KarA development project is analysed from three major components- Impact on Environmental Health, Economic Profitability, and Socio-Economic Equity to measure its Sustainability. The preliminary study was conducted through Interviews with the NHPC authorities entrusted with the responsibility of construction and management of the dam and the local people residing within the vicinity of the project area. The NHPC authority clarified from their end that the dam construction will bring sustainability from the economic end by generating 2000 MW of electricity which can enrich the country as a whole and the state of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh in particular by increasing the Hydroelectric power generating potential of the country and thereby removing the scarcity of power in both the states. Clearance of the National Green Tribunal also nullifies the issues of the local organizations mostly from the downstream area of the dam i.e. Assam regarding the impact of the dam on local ecology and livelihood of the riparian people residing in the downstream area. At the Socio-economic level, under its CSR project, NHPC authorities have conducted many awareness programs and even developed an e-website to promote women weavers for its brand SAAR Subansiri Handloom. Contrasting views were expressed by the people of downstream and upstream areas regarding the impact of the dam. While the upstream people are satisfied with the construction of dams since they are receiving free electricity, monetary compensation, and permanent jobs in the project the downstream people are denying any kind of benefit either from the government or from the NHPC authority. Moreover, the high voltage electric wires that cross over the nearby residential areas of the dam and the discharged dam water during the rainy and flood seasons pose a threat to the lives of the people and domestic cattle. In the case of employment also the downstream are employed only as casual labourers. The downstream people are also denied of compensation as per the dam displacement law – people residing within the 5 km vicinity of the project if anybody is displaced should receive compensation. So, the question of the sustainability of the LSHEP remains unresolved creating protests against the dam
Topic: A study to assess the knowledge regarding Standard Precautions among student Nurses. Background: Nurses are the principal group of health care personnel in all health care settings. Nurse’s lack of knowledge may be a barrier in prevention of infections. Aim: The objectives of the study were to assess the student nurses knowledge regarding Standard Precautions and to assess the relationship between student nurses knowledge regarding Standard precautions and selected variables. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted between student nurses at first, second and third years at Bhaarath college of Nursing, samples were selected using convenient sampling method. A validated self-prepared questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge. Results: 65 %(n=98) had very good knowledge, 4% of samples (n=4) had good knowledge, 3% of samples (n=3) had average knowledge and 28% of samples (n=42) of samples had below average knowledge. Conclusion: The findings obtained in this study by analyzing data from survey shows two-third of the participants have adequate knowledge on standard precaution. Hence regular courses should be held especially for the nursing students who are posted in critical care units as well as continuous monitoring of complianceby the nursing educators and Nursing supervisor. A holistic approach should be taken by the Teaching faculty,nurse educator, nurse manager, and nurses to overcome this problem.
The paper focuses on the significant work done using Green Human Resource Management research in several sectors worldwide grounded upon ongoing literature. It illustrates on the chronological development of Green Human Resource Management highlighting research works published since 2.5 decades. It reveals about the research focused on Green Human Resource Management practices such as Green Job design & Analysis, Green Recruitment and Selection, Green Training and Development, Green Induction, Green Performance management, Green Rewards and Compensation and Green Employee Relation. The review critically discusses on the global scenario relating the up gradation of Green Human Resource Management practices thereby creating great impact over the performance of the system as well as surrounding in associations with firms. However, this is the first paper that depicts the consequences of Green human resource management practices on its environmental performance in India together with its application through state-wise geographical distribution among different sectors too. The present review also throws light emphasizing the espousal of Green Human Resource Management practices and its societal influences during the pandemic COVID19. Last but not the least; the paper contributes towards encompassing the extent and depth of Green Human Resource Management towards the emergence of eco-sustainability.
Evaluating the Antibacterial Efficacy of Traditional Indian Herbs on Escherichia coli
Surender Kumar Sehrawat1, Neeraj Kumar1 Vikas Sarsar1*This study examines the antibacterial properties of various herbs commonly used in Indian cuisine, focusing specifically on their effects against Escherichia coli. The research investigates the effectiveness of Neem (Azadirachtaindica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), Garlic (Allium sativum), and Lemon (Citrus limon) as natural antimicrobial agents. The methodology involves preparing herbal extracts and evaluating their antibacterial efficacy using the agar well diffusion method, with zones of inhibition measured to determine the extent of bacterial growth suppression. The results demonstrate significant antibacterial activity across all herbs, with Neem exhibiting the highest level of efficacy. The study contributes to the expanding evidence supporting the use of traditional medicinal plants in modern healthcare, emphasizing their importance in combating bacterial infections and enhancing public health.
Employment is one of the key features of population which energies great scope for research in the field of human geography. It is an important indicator of economic composition of a region. The grade of employment and unemployment displays the advancements or backwardness of any region. Sectoral alteration and employment status are intensively connected with each other. When a region is passing through aalteration of economic transformation the status of employment of the people also change afterward. Employment rate and socio-economic expansion are intensively correlated with each other. With increasing employment opportunities in different sectors of economy level of different parameters of development also definitely influenced the overall development of the region. The present paper aims to find out the actual correlation between employment rate and socio economic development and an effort has been made to thrown some lights on the parameters of socio economic development which have close relation to employment rate. However the paper finds positive correlation between employment rate and socio-economic development in Serampur subdivision of Hugli District, West Bengal.
Social media is an integral part of our daily -life and a main source of information as well as communication. Social media intermediariesmaintain end-to-end encryption tosecure the privacy of users. Our analysis indicates that well-educated users have fear of negative evaluations. Students’ awareness on social media intermediatory, is well focused for their academic development. Unfortunately, poor students are not capable to operate social media. Social media videos on Wi-Fi facilities are helpful for conversions within restricted area for outsiders. There is also need of government attention to overcome the linguistic discrimination in administrative redresssystem.
Proficiency of use of video laryngoscopes in patients with a normal airway can help us put it use in the emergency. We compared one such Macintosh style video laryngoscope (manufactured by Anesthetics India Pvt. Ltd.) with a direct laryngoscope. After obtaining an informed written consent, the subjects were randomly allocated to one of the two groups. Patients in Group L underwent a direct laryngoscopy with Macintosh Laryngoscope whereas patients in Group K underwent video laryngoscopy, followed by stylet - assisted endotracheal intubation in both the groups.The primary outcome measures were assessment of grade of glottic view using modified Cormack Lehane and POGO Scoring and time to intubation. Results: Demographic variables and pre-operative airway assessment parameters were comparable between the two groups. The p- value of modified Cormack Lehane grading comparing the two groups is 0.331. The mean time to intubation was 42.39 seconds in Group L and 39.39 seconds in Group K with a p value of 0.587. There was no significant difference in of number of intubation attempts, stress response to intubation, incidence of optimization maneuvers required to intubate and complications between the two groups. Conclusion: There is no significant difference in time to intubation, glottic view and incidence of complications between the Macintosh type videolaryngoscopy and direct Laryngoscopy in patients with no anticipated difficult airway and when performed by trained anaesthesia personnel.
Background : Airway is the prime priority in basic life support. Tracheostomy is one of the most common procedures done to secure airway, prevent aspiration and provide ventilator support in critically ill patients. The tracheostomised patients suffer from psychosocial problems like fear, anxiety, stress, frustration and communication difficulties. Its impact on patients andtheir care givers is under reported. This study offers insight into these psychosocial issues in an Indian context, which may contribute todevelop strategies to enhance the quality of life in tracheostomised patients. It aims to provide support to alleviate social isolation, reduce stigma, and improve compliance with ongoing treatment. Methodology :This observational study was conducted in all tracheostomised patients and their primary care.All tracheostomised patients and their primary caregivers were recruited in the study were followed up for 3 months. Patients were interviewed thrice during follow-up period- on postoperative day (POD)-30, POD-60 and POD-90. Psychosocial status and Quality Of Life (QOL) in patients was assessed by using Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and World Health organization Quality of life-BREF(WHOQOL-BREF) version Questionnaire. Assessment of stress in caregivers was done by using Kingston Care Giver stress scale (KCGSS). Results: The majority of the patients in our study were males (52) compared to females (34). Whereas most caregivers were females (56). Elective tracheostomy was performed in 68 cases, while 18 required emergency tracheostomy. At 30 days postsurgery,75.59% patients experienced high stress, which decreased to 62.8% at 60 days and further declined to 25.59% at 90 days. This indicates that, as the postoperative period progressed from 30 to 90 days, the proportion of patients with high stress declined. The median scores across all domains-physical, psychological, social, and environmental health-increased over time, with the results being statistically significant (p < 0.001). Tube related issues included LRTI(12.7%), tube blockage(11.6%) excessive secretions (15.2 %)accidental decannulation (11.6 %), bleeding from stomal granulations (23.2%) and dysphagia(5.8%). Anger (33.2%), frustration (12.5%), and sleep deprivation (43.2%) were more commonly observed in the first month post-tracheostomy. 4.6% were not socialising to avoid embarrassment and social stigma. Majority of the caregivers were spouses (86.4%) and most of them were females 65.1%. and non-earning members of the family and 45.3% had financial issues. 28% of the caregivers had additional responsibility of contribution to the economy. Conclusion : Our study shows tracheostomy greatly impacts patients' and caregivers' quality of life, particularly in rural, illiterate populations. Emergency procedures increase stress due to insufficient preoperative counselling. Stress decreases over time with improved coping. Comprehensive support, including preoperative counselling and caregiver training, is essential to mitigate these effects.
This study examined the key factors affecting employee retention and turnover in the textile industry in Karur, Tamil Nadu. It surveyed 250 textile workers and used statistical analysis to identify effective retention strategies. The findings suggest that demographic factors like age, gender, and education can guide employers in developing targeted retention programs. The study also found that certain strategies, such as providing professional development opportunities, offering challenging job roles, and maintaining competitive compensation, were perceived as more effective than strategies focused on aligning management practices and broader organizational policies. These insights can help textile companies in Karur create more impactful employee retention initiatives. Retaining skilled and experienced workers is crucial for the success and growth of textile organizations, as high turnover can significantly impact their performance.
A Case Study on Field Maps and Identification of Best Paths using UAVs in Precision Agriculture
1Ridvan Peter Benjamin Pillay & 2Venkatratnam ChitturiNowadays, fully automated solutions are being considered for precision agriculture. One such solution is the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). UAVs use a combination of multiple technologies and programming such as Smart Sensors, Digital Electronics, Internet of Things, Satellite Technology, etc. which makes them an efficient technique to a fully automated farming solution. Precision agriculture or smart agriculture include field mapping with multiple onboard sensors to map terrain and detect soil health or vegetation. This paper reviews on the UAVs in precision agriculture and their ability to evaluate the best paths for field mapping.
This study presents the first report of isolating and characterizing root-associated endophytic methylotrophic bacterial strains from maize (Zea mays L.) adapted to the semi-arid region of Mbooni Kasikue in Makueni County, Kenya. The findings hold significant promise. A total of 50 unique, colonial, and distinctive endophytic methylotrophic bacterial strains were isolated and subsequently purified. The isolates were subjected to polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000-induced stress to assess their sensitivity to drought. The isolates were then classified based on their level of drought sensitivity. The highly drought-tolerant isolates were screened for various plant-growth-promoting and drought-tolerance properties, including their ability to produce siderophores, synthesize indole-3-acetic acid, solubilize essential macro-elements, synthesize proline, salicylic acid, and exhibition of catalase activity. Two elite strains, (EMK13 and EMK27) based on their drought tolerance and growth-promoting capabilities were identified as Methylobacterium variabile and Methylobacterium komagatae, respectively, through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and BLAST analysis. The biotization effect of these elite strains was tested on maize seeds. The co-inoculation of strains EMK13 and EMK27 showed synergistic potential in improving growth metrics such as germination rate (86.67%), vigor index (650.03), and seedling length (7.2 cm) under drought stress conditions compared to the control.
Nutritional and Health Aspects of Vegan Diet
1Bhavik Fotedar, 2Dr Shailee Fotedar, 3Dr. Kavita Manchanda, 4Dr. Gaushini RamuvelVeganism, has been increasing in popularity over the past few years, especially among the young population throughout the world. Some studies have shown Vegan diet reduces obesity, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, while some studies have some adverse effects on bone health, mental health. So, the aim of the present review is to know the nutritional status and health status of people with Vegan diets. And what could be the possible reasons for benefits or shortfalls of Vegan diet.
Logging Effect on Forest Regeneration in a Tropical Rainforest, Etung, South South, Nigeria
Ogar, Timothy O.; Amah, Joseph2; Etim Emmanuel Asuquo1; Atim, Ayuk Nchor3; Odu, PatriciaKarang1 & Okang, Akim Ogar4The role of forest in preserving biodiversity and providing ecosystem services is threatened by commercial logging activities carried out without efficient plan. This unsustainable activity usually results in loss of growing stock, sensitive species and ecosystem equilibrium, coupled with heavy duty equipment that destroy several plants and compact soils during logging. The implication of constant logging activities is the impact on forest regeneration capacity. This study assessed the effect of logging on forest regeneration in tropical rainforest, Etung, South- South, Nigeria. The objective was to run a comparative assessment of forest regeneration condition of logged sites and unlogged sites. The experimental research design was adopted in carrying out the study. Data was obtained from forest inventory of 42 stratified sampled sites (21 logged sites and 21 unlogged sites). The null hypothesis (Ho) states that there is no significant differences between means of forest regeneration of which X (logged site) and Y (unlogged site) are samples. The result obtained from the statistical analysis showed that at t (8.67) = 10.3, the level of significance (p) = 0.033<0.05 for the levene’s test of equality, while the independent statistical result availed a level of significance (p) = 0.024 <0.05. Hence, the null hypothesis was rejected against the alternative hypothesis that there is a significant difference in forest regeneration in the logged and the unlogged sites of the forest. The field survey recorded an average of 326.43 seedlings and samplings ≥ 10cm in height per logged plots as against 194.3 for the unlogged plots. The study recommends strengthening of weak policies and programs to reduce illegal logging in the study area.
Music and Conflict Resolution in Nigeria: Potentials in the Art Music Genre
1Ofega E.Eru; 2Princewill Chukwuma AbakporoPeace is of utmost importance if any nation is to advance in her democracy. However, since Nigeria gained independence as a sovereign nation, it has been plagued with various forms of conflict that threaten its existence and sovereignty. The concomitant issues bedeviling national unity and peace have spread to Nigeria’s electoral processes, and although several approaches have been taken to remedy and promote national and social cohesion, Nigeria’s existence as a nation even in its 4th republic has never been so threatened as it is today; ethnic and religious concerns have continued to heighten various levels of conflicts as well as shape the electoral procedures in the nation. It is upon this premise, pulling from the social cognitive theory that this paper seeks to beam its searchlight on interrogating how art music performance can be harnessed towards conflict resolution and promotion of electoral peace. It proposes that music, being an integral part of society bears high potency towards societal engineering. The paper observes that peace is integral to national growth and should be pursued at all cost if the unity of the nation is to be sustained. The current state of the nation demands that all social measures should be employed in championing the course for peace and art music poses lots of potentials in the advocacy for peace.
Social Media Addiction on Sleep Quality among Adolescents
Adwaith Mohan Nair 1*, Dr. Gayathri Devi M.S 2Social media addiction is recognized as a worldwide issue. Neurologists have discovered that it leads to increased dopamine levels in the brain. The rising use of social media among adolescents has heightened concerns regarding its impact on sleep quality. This article offers a detailed examination of the link between social media addiction and the sleep quality of adolescents. It utilizes quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to collect extensive data on social media use, addiction symptoms, and sleep quality in individuals aged 18 to 22. The study employs the Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) as psychological instruments. Additionally, in-depth interviews will be conducted to gain valuable perspectives on the subjective experiences and views of adolescents concerning social media addiction and its influence on their sleep patterns.
Functional Dependance of Adiabatic Compressibility of Water on Total Dissolved Salts - A Pilot Study
Divya Ghildyal1, Manisha Chaudhary2Investigation on functional dependance of adiabatic compressibility of water with varying salt contents and temperature, have been analyzed in the present study. Three water samples distilled (TDS = 06) , Reverse Osmosis (TDS = 74) and Tap water (TDS = 1060) were taken. Factors analyzed were Ultrasonic velocity, refractive index, density and acoustic impedance along with adiabatic compressibility. All three water samples showed variations from usual trend in specific temperature ranges. Ultrasonic velocity showed a minor increase in tap water between (285 – 288K), instead of decreasing, similarly for RO water ultrasonic velocity varied as per comparison with literature review in the range (291K – 294K), and for distilled water ultrasonic velocity showed small variations between (286 – 287K). Density of the three water samples under study, showed a uniform decline with increase in temperature, highest value was observed for tap water 1000.716 kg/m3 and lowest for distilled water 995.706kg/m3. Regression Statistics yielded positive results for correlation between TDS and adiabatic compressibility for Tap water (highest TDS)only, while it showed negative correlation for water sample with low salt content. Further studies on compressibility of water with varying salt content, could pave way for growth of new technology based on the concept of application of compressibility of fluids (specially water).
Strengthening the Inter-Cultural Communication Competence through Tele collaboration: A Case Study
1Chasul Phogat, 2Martine DerivryThe present study reports a case study on an international telecollaboration conducted with a diverse group of learners from a university in India and a university in France. The objective of the project was to provide innovative learning environments to the learners for language learning. The participants were Law students from India and Education students from France. It was a diverse group of learners from different linguistic, cultural, social, educational background. Multiple tasks were assigned to the students, and they worked in groups to complete the assigned tasks and accomplish the goals. The study discusses the innovative methods used by the learners and researchers to overcome the linguistic and cultural barriers; moreover, it also discusses the dynamics of teaching English as a second language and as a foreign language. Task-based approach was used as the pedagogy. The study also discusses briefly about the ethical issues emerged during the tele collaboration.
This paper explores the transformative linguistic landscape in Dalit literature, with a particular focus on the poetry of Namdeo Dhasal. Dhasal's poetic expression stands as a poignant testament to the decolonization of language within the Dalit literary sphere, challenging the hegemony of English and its normative structures. Through a meticulous examination of Dhasal's works, we unravel the multilingual tapestry he weaves, deftly blending Marathi with elements of other Indian languages, dialects, and even English. This bilingual and multilingual creative process serves as a radical departure from the conventional literary norms, symbolizing a profound act of resistance and reclamation. By decentering English and embracing linguistic diversity, Dhasal crafts a powerful narrative that amplifies the marginalized voices of the Dalit community. This paper navigates through Dhasal's linguistic deviations, elucidating how they not only redefine literary expression but also underscore the socio-political significance of language in subverting dominant discourses.
Thumbelina's Struggle: An Exploration of Gender Expectations and Stereotypes
1Nandini Majumdar, 2Dr. Bonani ChakrabartyOur culture has always embraced fairy tales, which have a strong appeal to people all over the world. Fairy tales such as these are often seen as perpetrators of traditional gender norms. This abstract investigates the complexities between gender identity and fairy tales in the beloved classic fable Thumbelina by Hans Christian Andersen. To illustrate how fairy tales can reinforce or subvert stereotypes about men or women in society, this essay examines some problematic aspects drawing parallels with those in one famous folk tale from rural Bengal, called DedhAnguley from Dakshinaranjan Mitra Majumdar’s collection of children’s stories, ThakumaarJhuli. It also uncovers the gendered issues in Thumbelina’s journey, a journey informed by the protagonist’s relationship with other beings, and her understanding of the make-believe world. It also brings to light the way children’s stories represent gender and how these relate to society’s expectations. The study delves into the story and seeks to illuminate from it, deeper meanings of female strength, female empowerment, female resilience, and how all these manifest- the obvious value of female autonomy when you are a female in a patriarchal world. The tales produce impressions on impressionable minds to help build and rebuild societal values over time. As a result, the study aims to capture the potential of classics such as Thumbelina in channeling complex imprints in readers and creating concerns in their minds when they choose to approach the gender identity challenge in literature and culture through these or other modes of research.
Cathartic and Therapeutic Values of Story Telling
Dr. Panyam AparnaStory telling has been an ancient tradition in many cultures. Each civilization has a story to tell of its own. There have been oral traditions followed by written documents. It is indisputable that a story carries with it the genealogy, wisdom and ethos of a particular area or tribe. But it also carries the baggage of feelings, emotions and happenings which strike a chord with audience which help purge destructive feelings which would otherwise harm human psyche. In this respect, they act as powerful healing tools. They work silently, but surely. In this paper, an attempt will be made to rediscover the therapeutic values of stories since ancient times till now. Stories offer a rich repertoire of knowledge of things and people and offer solutions for many problems in life or at least give an understanding of the problems and help face them bravely. Examples are taken from oldest civilizations till date to highlight the effect of stories on human development.
In today’s complex world, Social Emotional Learning provides a structured framework to support the growth of critical emotional skills in people, and social competence. It seeks to nurture these skills in individuals from a young age to promote their well-being and achievement in various phases of life. The concept of SEL as a vital component of personal and professional development is introduced in this paper. It explores the complex relationship between emotions and social interactions, emphasizing its significance in improving emotional intelligence and interpersonal skills. Empathy and compassion are fundamental components of SEL. The paper lays the foundation of a thorough analysis of Social Emotional Learning, its concepts, and practical applications in the subsequent parts.
The term "glass ceiling" denotes an unseen obstacle obstructing the upward progression ofwomen within the corporate hierarchy. Numerous prior studies consistently highlight howwomen encounter obstacles in attaining high-ranking positions due to corporate cultures andinsufficientsupportstructureshinderingtheircareeradvancement.Nevertheless,thereappearsto be a shift in this trend over time. Organizations that prioritize the developmental aspects off emaleemployees, acknowledge their competencies ,and fosteraninclusiveenvironmenthavedemonstrated greater success. Recognizing that development is a gradual process, this paperconducts a systematic literature review to scrutinize the challenges impeding women fromattaining leadership roles and to comprehend its implications for organizational development.The study relies on secondary data extracted from research papers spanning the past threedecades. The paper's analysis centers on four major factors: socio-cultural, organizational, governmental, and psychological barriersassociated with the glass ceiling effect
The Bhojpuri Language in Contemporary Mauritius: An Overview
1Shweta Sagar, 2R. N. SharmaBhojpuri is one of the five ancestral languages of Mauritius, and it has played a significant role in shaping the island's cultural identity. Despite its importance, Bhojpuri has received little attention in linguistic research, particularly in Mauritian. This paper aims to fill this gap by examining Bhojpuri's current status and usage in Mauritius. Bhojpuri is still used in informal settings, such as at home and in the community, and is seen as a marker of identity and cultural heritage. It also explores the factors contributing to the decline of Bhojpuri, including language policies, globalisation, and societal attitudes towards language. Despite these challenges, efforts are being made to revitalise and promote the use of Bhojpuri in Mauritius. It highlights the language's challenges and the efforts to preserve and promote it. The findings have implications for studying Bhojpuri in Mauritius and the broader language revitalisation and preservation field.
Nutrition a plays pivotal role in both foetal development and maternal well-being, with malnutrition posing risks, including psychometric morbidity. Addressing both nutritional and psychological factors is crucial for optimal maternal and infant health. This research aims to understand the interplay and impact of these factors during and after pregnancy. Aim: The study aims to evaluate and compare nutritional status, psychometric morbidity, and quality of life during gestation and the perinatal period. Settings and Design: Conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology ward at Erode Tertiary Care Hospital, the study is structured as a cross-sectional investigation. Methods and Material: The study involved 365 participants meeting inclusion criteria, excluding those with a history of mental health issues. Comprehensive data collection included information on nutritional and lifestyle habits, psychological well-being, pregnancy-related experiences, and demographics. Statistical analysis used: Statistical analysis used SPSS Version 27, employing Spearman's rho and the Chi-Square test. Results: Among 365 perinatal women, the 21-25 age group (52.7%) showed a significant impact of psychological challenges and poor nutritional intake among young adults. Findings revealed a highly significant relationship between poor psychological status and inadequate nutritional intake (Spearman's rho = 0.388). A significant association (<0.001) was found between poor psychological status, inadequate nutritional intake, and adverse perinatal outcomes. Conclusions: The study stresses addressing mental well-being and nutrition in perinatal care, linking poor psychological health to obstetric complications, underscoring the role of nutrition, and advocating holistic support via positive lifestyle habits for pregnant women.
The present research paper focused on examining the role and significance of social networking sites in promoting mountain tourism, highlighting their function as a bridge between customers and tourism providers, with Facebook being a primary example. We structured our research into two main components: a theoretical section that outlines the research concepts, and an applied section that involved distributing a questionnaire to 384 Facebook users. This questionnaire aimed to gather their opinions and impressions on how social networks contribute to raising tourism awareness and promoting tourism, as well as enhancing the tourism product itself. For this case study, we used the Chelia Mountains in the state of Khenchela, Algeria, as our focus area.To provide a practical example from our research, we found that Facebook plays a positive and effective role in the electronic promotion of tourism products. It has significantly reduced promotional costs and simplified the process of obtaining information about tourist destinations through content published on pages. However, despite these benefits, some users express concerns about the credibility and accuracy of the information provided on the site. In response to these findings, we have developed a series of recommendations and suggestions aimed at enhancing mountain tourism and improving electronic promotion methods to make them more comprehensive, reliable, and effective.
Heavy metal pollutionis a dangerous environmental delinquent because of their tenacity, poisonousness,bio-accumulation in additionto biomagnifications properties. Heavymetal pollution can occur from different anthropogenic and normal sources in the ecosystem. Disintegration of rocks that bears metalsanderuption of volcanoes are natural bases of heavy metals while the farming and manufacturingactions,burning of fossil fuels and gasoline, mining and waste furnaces are anthropogenic bases of heavy metallic element.Addition of these heavy metals into waterecosystem,changes the physical and chemical naturesof water which is harmful for the flora and fauna of water.During the ingestion of metal accumulated food materials,the heavy metals pass into the fish body mainly through surface of the body,lamellae anddigestive tract.When the metal accumulated food materials and metal contaminated water is used by aquatic organisms such as fishes,the heavy metals pass in their bodyover the gills, musclesand alimentary canal.Cd-Cadmium,Cr-Chromium,Ni-Nicke,As-Arseni,Cu-Copper,Hg-Mercury,Zn-Zinc,Sn-Strontium, Mn-Manganese,Fe-Iron are the utmostusual heavy metal contaminants that createacutenoxiousness infishes.The basic molecular process of metal poisonousness is the growth of oxidative stress. The immune system is weakened By the oxidative stress, immune system is weakened and causes the damage of tissues and organs which leads to defect in the growth and ability of reproduction.The fish is a goodbasis ofOmega-3 fattyacids, vitamins and proteins.Hence, it encourages the human to eat fish as amain source of food.Therefore,the fish tissues within which the heavy metallic elements have been gathered are transmitted into the body of human being and lead to lethal effects to create severalillnesses.Hence,this is essential to discourse the toxic effects on the health of the fish to increase various diseases and the sources of heavy metals to imposethe rule and legislation about their safety in the environment of water in addition to protect life of human being.This study was conducted during the post monsoon period to determine the pollution water by heavy metals and bioaccumulation into fresh water fishes of Mystusseenghala,Cirrhinusreba,Labeocalbasu,Puntius ticto and Mystus vittatus from the RengaliDam in the river Brahmani of Angul district of the state Odisha.The tissues of gill and muscle of fishes were studied for the existence of heavy metals like Mn,Fe, Zn and Sn etc.usingX-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy studies.
We optimize a hybrid energy system configurations by analyzing various factors and project-specific parameters to minimize the cost of energy while meeting electricity demand. One case study shows that a combination of PV panels, a diesel generator, and a battery system achieved the lowest cost of energy at $.484 per unit with an 87% renewable fraction. Another configuration with multiple renewable sources yields a low cost of energy at $.510 per unit and an 87% renewable fraction. The sensitivity analysis is focused on examining the impact of changes in diesel prices, interest rates, and maximum annual capacity shortage on the levelized cost of energy (COE) for hybrid systems. Results show that as diesel prices increase, there is a corresponding rise in COE, highlighting the importance of considering fuel price fluctuations during project planning. An increase in interest rates also leads to higher COE due to increased borrowing costs for companies and investor expectations for higher returns. Additionally, an increase in maximum annual capacity shortage would require additional resources at higher costs to meet growing energy demands while keeping PV production constant. By understanding these impacts, stakeholders can make well-informed decisions regarding the feasibility and sustainability of renewable energy systems.
Gender Differences in Paranormal Beliefs among the Lebanese Adult Population
Jacques El Khoury (MA); Aline Ghosn, (Ph.D.); Souheil Hallit, (Ph.d.)International studies have demonstrated a correlation between gender and levels of paranormal beliefs, with a general consensus that women tend to have higher levels of belief in paranormal phenomena than men, except in categories such as extraordinary life forms and unidentified flying objects. This study surveyed 400 Lebanese adults to explore potential gender differences in paranormal beliefs. The Revised Paranormal Belief Scale (Tobacyk, 2004) and a custom-designed questionnaire were used to assess these beliefs. Contrary to expectations, the findings revealed that among Lebanese adults, paranormal beliefs were not associated with gender differences but were instead influenced by other factors, such as specific belief types held by individuals.
Background: This research explores the role of emotional intelligence (EI) in personal and professional success. EI, a multifaceted construct encompassing self-awareness, emotion management, self-motivation, empathy, and social skills, has significantly impacted academic performance, social interactions, and overall well-being. While extensively researched, the influence of cultural and athletic backgrounds on EI still needs to be explored, particularly in non-Western settings. Objectives: This research at P P Savani University at Surat Gujarat focuses on African and Indian students. It aims to assess and contrast emotional intelligence (EI) levels, particularly among athletes and nonathletes. The study investigates the impact of sports participation, cultural aspects, and social support structures and provides suggestions for improving EI and emotional wellness in this specific cultural setting. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 422 students, equally divided among Indian and African athletes and nonathletes. The study assessed EI using validated questionnaires measuring self-awareness, emotion management, self-motivation, empathy, and social skills. Statistical analyses, including t-tests and ANOVA, were performed using SPSS software to analyze the influence of cultural and athletic factors on EI. Results: This study reveals variations in emotional intelligence aspects among the participants. African non-athletes demonstrated levels of self-awareness compared to athletes, with average scores of 37.673 and 35.655, respectively. Conversely, Indian athletes displayed more self-awareness than non-athletes, with mean scores of 37.832 and 35.282, respectively. Moreover, athletes generally exhibited skills than non-athletes, highlighting the influence of sports involvement on emotional intelligence. Furthermore, African students scored higher in self-motivation than their counterparts, indicating distinctions in motivational factors. These findings are thoroughly outlined in Table 3 of the results section, which presents the ANOVA analysis supporting these conclusions and showcasing the variance in self-awareness among these groups. Athletes generally demonstrated better social skills than nonathletes. Additionally, African students scored higher in self-motivation than Indian students, highlighting the significant impact of cultural and athletic backgrounds on various EI dimensions. Conclusions: The study's findings have significant practical implications. They underscore the importance of considering cultural and athletic contexts when developing interventions to enhance student EI. The study's results strongly support the need for tailored programs that address different cultural and athletic groups' unique needs. These programs, informed by the study's findings, can be instrumental in fostering emotional well-being and academic success, thereby contributing to students' overall development.
Assessment of People's Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Malaria in Northern Liberia
1Mr Amadu S Jabateh, 2Dr Deepak Vishwakarma, 3Dr Kavya Rao Bagati*Context: Malaria remains a significant public health challenge in Northern Liberia, characterized by high infection rates and considerable morbidity. Despite ongoing efforts to combat the disease, public health knowledge and education gaps persist, contributing to inadequate malaria prevention and control practices. This region faces unique challenges, including limited healthcare services, insufficient malaria transmission and prevention awareness, and ineffective educational programs. Northern Liberia's diverse socio-economic landscape further complicates the situation. Many communities have limited access to reliable health information and resources, exacerbating the spread of malaria. Misconceptions and misinformation about malaria and its prevention methods are prevalent, which hinders the effectiveness of existing interventions and contributes to higher rates of transmission and adverse health outcomes. Settings and Design: The study was conducted in Lofa County, Northern Liberia, a region characterized by a high malaria prevalence and a diverse population comprising urban and rural communities. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire to collect quantitative data from residents of Lofa County. This design was chosen because it allows for assessing the prevalence of various factors related to malaria awareness and control at a single point, providing a snapshot of the current situation (Levin, 2006). Results: The results showed that 97.2% of respondents had contracted malaria, with 66% having received formal education on malaria prevention. However, 34% had not received any education. Local clinics primarily sought medical assistance (53.8%), significantly relying on home remedies (43%). Notably, only 24.5% of respondents had adequate access to anti-malarial medication. Additionally, there were considerable gaps in knowledge, with only 46.2% aware of different malaria parasites and 53% unaware of the long-term consequences of untreated malaria. Conclusions: The study highlights a pressing need for improved public health education and better access to malaria prevention and treatment resources in Northern Liberia. Community-based interventions, including targeted educational campaigns and more vital collaboration between government and non-governmental organizations, are essential to address these knowledge gaps and reduce malaria prevalence. Enhanced public health efforts are essential to mitigate the impact of malaria and improve health outcomes in this region.
Background: Episodes of worsening symptoms in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), known as acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD), lead to substantial illness and death. Exacerbations are infrequent in the early stages of COPD and become more prevalent in cases with moderate-to-severe illness. The objectives of our study are to assess the DECAF score among patients with AECOPD, to assess the BAP-65 score among patients with AECOPD, to evaluate the ability of these scores for prediction of mortality among these patients and to assess the correlation between the DECAF score and BAP-65 score. Methods: This prospective observational study was done in the department of pulmonology. Patients with diagnosis of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, age more than 35 years were included in the study. They were evaluated and DECAF score and BAP-65 scores were calculated and analyzed. Results: The mean ± SD age of the study population was 64.68±9.71 years, consisting of 83 (82.17%) males and 18 (17.82%) females. A total of 14 deaths occurred throughout the designated study period. Mean (SD) DECAF score was found to be 1.01 (0.92) among patients who recovered and 3.74 (1.4) among patients who expired. Mean (SD) BAP – 65 class was found to be 1.92 (1) among patients who recovered and 4.28 (0.91) among patients who expired. DECAF score has a sensitivity of 78.57% and specificity of 93.1%. BAP-65 class has a sensitivity of 71.42% and specificity of 94.25%.Conclusion: Both the DECAF and BAP-65 scores are equally effective indicators of mortality.
Male Victims of Domestic Violence in India- In Quest of Justice
Salini Mohanty & Dr. Madhubrata MohantyDomestic violence is a significantly serious issue that is inexistence since ancient times. Early literatures and religious texts give the proof of its prevalence in the primitive society. Generally, women are mostly recognised as the victims of domestic violence and are also known as ‘intimate partners violence’ in millennium term from a gender- neutral approach. However, with the changing scenario when women are much empowered due to the enactment of several women- centric laws, it is highly important to acknowledge that domestic violence is not limited to any particular gender. Domestic violence against men becomesa very common issue these days. According to the statistics released by National Crime Record Bureau 2019, the number of men committing suicide is 1.6 times more than the women in a marriage because of marital discords. Surprisingly, in spite of alarming rise in number of suicide cases among married men due to domestic violence, there is no law enacted till date for husbands against intimate violence partner. On the other hand, when a married woman commits suicide within seven years of marriage, her husband and in-laws are brought within the purview of suspicion immediately. Domestic violence affects both men and women equally. The author’s purpose is to point out the unjustifiable sufferings the husbands go through and the adverse steps they take finding no other way out as well as to show the impact of such issues on the society at large.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture: A Comprehensive Review
Dr Ashutosh Kumar Singh1*, Roma Verma2, Dr Bineeta Singh3 & Mrs. Suneeta Singh4Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly emerged as a transformative technology in agriculture, offering innovative solutions to enhance productivity, sustainability, and efficiency. This comprehensive review examines the role of AI in various agricultural practices, including precision farming, crop management, soil health monitoring, pest control, and predictive analytics. By leveraging AI-driven technologies such as machine learning, computer vision, and data analytics, farmers can make data-informed decisions to optimize resource usage, reduce input costs, and minimize environmental impacts. Additionally, AI has proven instrumental in developing automated systems like autonomous tractors, drones, and robotic harvesters, which streamline labor-intensive processes. Despite its potential, the adoption of AI in agriculture faces several challenges, including high implementation costs, data privacy concerns, and the need for adequate infrastructure in rural areas. The paper highlights ongoing research and future directions in AI-powered agriculture, focusing on the development of more accessible and scalable solutions for smallholder farmers. In conclusion, AI is poised to revolutionize agriculture by enabling more efficient, sustainable, and resilient food systems, provided that challenges related to accessibility and ethical concerns are addressed.
Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty as Drivers of Customer Lifetime Value: An Analysis
1Sharmistha Bhattacharyya, 2Dr. Mrinmoy Kumar SarmaThe paper is a review of existing 35 literatures that have studied the impact of customer satisfaction and loyalty on Customer Lifetime Value. The paper makes an analysis from previous studies that have studied the impact and association between the selected variables of study. In order to bring more light into the context, the authors have also included the association of Word-of-Mouth with satisfaction and loyalty in the study. Over the years, authors have found how satisfaction and loyalty are inter-dependent and how they are important drivers for making customers repeat their purchases. Previous studies concluded that even the referral intentions of customers are highly influenced by satisfaction and loyalty. However, a few authors have opined that satisfaction and loyalty are over prioritized by many marketers. The paper shall be of use to academicians working in the lines of marketing and also benefit marketers in identifying a correct approach towards calculating Customer Lifetime Value.
Ancient Greece witnessed the practices of corporate social responsibility and India is one of the countries in the world that have made CSR mandatory. The Indian government has recognized the value of this concept and the role it will play in today's economic, social and political situation. There has been a debate on whether it is a boon for society or a burden in terms of additional costs for businesses. The industrial sector has now realized that the companies can only do business if the society develops with prosperity and well-being. CSR has been institutionalized in India since the introduction of the Companies Act 2013, which mandates large companies to spend two percent of their average net profit on CSR activities. As companies navigate the complexities of CSR management in India, they are increasingly recognizing the value of beneficiary facts to understand and effectively uncover societal issues. This could be the result of social struggles in India and corporate philanthropy coupled with policy initiatives as observed earlier in the various CSR phases. Considering a certain awareness of citizens regarding various services, this analysis attempts to experimentally assess the impact on CSR beneficiaries of HPCL organization in Visakhapatnam City, Andhra Pradesh. Governments and non-governmental organizations work together like a dynamic duo to bring about positive change through CSR measures. We often witness the efforts that many industries, businesses and governments make to provide infrastructure and support for the well-being of people. These initiatives, whether through CSR measures or otherwise, are aimed at uplifting backward communities and improving their social lives. In the field of CSR and government sponsored infrastructure projects, attention is rightly focused on the organizations and institutions responsible for initiating and funding these efforts. Many established companies like HPCL, NTPC, STEEL PLANT, PORT, BHPV have a heart for social impact and a desire to give back to the communities they support. The government too plays an important and crucial role in promoting a better society by providing resources and implementing policies that serve the needs and welfare of the society. However, it is equally important to recognize the mutual responsibility that the beneficiaries of such initiatives bear. While businesses and governments play a central role in providing infrastructure for the common good, beneficiaries have an important role to play in ensuring the sustainability and effectiveness of these social developments.
Modern cities face multiple challenges that will impact the future of the growing urban population. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the weaknesses of the current urbanization model, often based on high density, which facilitated the spread of the virus.At the same time, sustainable development has led to a new urban approach aimed at balancing the social, economic, and environmental dimensions in the planning and design processes of cities. The goal is to improve the quality of life in urban areas and address the challenges faced by cities worldwide. The concept of quality of life is broad, and its meaning varies by country due to disparities in development between advanced and less developed societies. These differences are particularly evident through evaluation criteria such as housing, services, employment, security, and more.In this article, we study the urban growth of the city of El Eulma (Wilaya of Sétif) and its impacts on the quality of life of its residents. Our methodology emphasizes a morphological approach to analyze the urban growth model of the city, and a multi criteria analysis to measure the urban quality of life of its inhabitants.
This research article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of student development and learning outcomes in Telangana State Model Schools and other government schools, including Kasturba Schools, Social Welfare Schools, Government Gurukul Schools, and Navodaya Schools. The study examines various factors that contribute to student development and learning outcomes in these different types of government schools to identify strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement. Data was collected through surveys, interviews, and document analysis to provide a comprehensive assessment of the educational landscape in Telangana State. The findings of this study can inform policymakers, educators, and stakeholders about effective strategies to enhance student development and improve learning outcomes in government schools.
The Cross-Cultural Contact: Impact of English on Novels from Nigeria
1Mrittika Ghosh, 2Dr. Bonani ChakrabartyIn many communities, across Nigeria, the advent of written tradition ushered through the contact of colonialism. Ibo community being one such exemplar. The oral tradition was predominant among the Ibo before the arrival of Christian Missionaries. Apromulgation of the English language took place through the different educational enterprises, carried out by the Missionaries. With the passage of time a profound impact of English, on the different literarygenres from Nigeria, became significant. One such noteworthy genre being the novel. The concerned research aims to identify the influence of English on the genre of novel, from Nigeria, through the context of the nnarratives of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie.
Migration in the Indian Diaspora: A Literary Analysis of Sad at Hasan Manto's Short Stories
Suchana RoyThis research paper delves into the theme of migration within the Indian diaspora as depicted in the short stories of Saadat Hasan Manto. His stories, set against the backdrop of the tumultuous Partition of India in 1947, serve as a compelling lens through which to explore the multifaceted experiences of individuals and communities uprooted by this historic event. The paper employs a literary analysis approach to decipher the nuances of migration as portrayed by Manto, examining its socio-cultural, psychological, and emotional dimensions. Manto's narratives offer an intricate exploration of the physical and emotional displacement faced by those affected by the Partition. The paper scrutinizes the intricate web of emotions, identity crises, and existential challenges encountered by his characters, highlighting the far-reaching consequences of migration. Manto's stories reveal not only the trauma and violence associated with forced migration but also the profound cultural and social transformations that resulted from the shift. Through a detailed analysis of select short stories, this research paper aims to uncover the profound socio-cultural implications of migration within the Indian diaspora, shedding light on how Manto's characters navigate issues of identity, belonging, and loss. The narratives are not just historical records but powerful reflections of the enduring scars of Partition and the human capacity for resilience. This paper contributes to the broader discourse on migration studies by offering a unique perspective through the lens of literature. Manto's stories continue to be relevant in contemporary discussions surrounding migration, providing insight into the complexities of displacement and the enduring quest for a sense of home and self. By delving into these narratives, we can better understand the enduring impacts of migration within the Indian diaspora.