Social Norms and Breastfeeding Practice among Post-Caesarean Women in East Java, Indonesia
1 Dr. Reni Yuli Astutik, 2 Dr. Yenny Puspitasari, 3 Dr. Agusta Dian EllinaBackground: Breastfeeding after caesarean section is often delayed due to post-operative pain, limited mobility, and reduced mother infant contact. In addition to clinical factors, social norms especially support from husbands, family members, and healthcare providers can influence breastfeeding practices. This study examined the association between social norms and breastfeeding practices during the first three postpartum days among post-caesarean mothers in East Java, Indonesia. Methods: a cross-sectional observational study was conducted from July to October 2024 at a hospital in East Java. a total of 296 post-caesarean mothers were selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected through structured interviews and medical record reviews. Social norms were assessed using a Subjective Norm Scale adapted from the Theory of Planned Behavior, measuring perceived support from husbands, family members, and healthcare providers. Breastfeeding practices were evaluated daily from day 1 to day 3 postpartum using a composite Breastfeeding Practice Index based on WHO indicators. Descriptive statistics summarized participant characteristics. associations were analyzed using Chi-square tests, while changes across postpartum days were assessed using Cochran’s Q test, Friedman test, and post-hoc analyses. Results: high support was reported from husbands (68.2%), family members (62.8%), and healthcare providers (72.3%), while 66.9% of mothers had positive subjective norms. breastfeeding practices improved significantly from day 1 to day 3, with good practices increasing from 60.1% to 64.9% (Friedman test, p = 0.001). all individual breastfeeding indicators improved significantly (Cochran’s Q test, p < 0.05). social norms were significantly associated with breastfeeding practices; mothers receiving high support from husbands, family, and healthcare providers were more likely to practice good breastfeeding (p < 0.01). subjective norm scores were highest among mothers with good breastfeeding practices (p < 0.001).conclusion: early breastfeeding practices among post-caesarean mothers improve over time and are strongly influenced by social norms. strengthening support from husbands, family, and healthcare providers is essential to promote optimal breastfeeding after caesarean delivery.
A Domain-specific Multi-layer Convolutional Algorithm for Gastrointestinal Diagnostics
1 Esha Saxena, 2 Suraiya Parveen, 3 Mohd. Abdul Ahad, 4 Meenakshi YadavThe human body is a highly complex structure, and the presence of disorders further complicates its understanding. Gastrointestinal disorders are one of the issues that affect approximately 40% of the global population. In cases of intestinal disorders, diagnosis can sometimes be challenging, thereby necessitating the use of Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) for accurate internal observation. Different algorithms have boosted the use of AI and DL for medical imaging. In our research, we propose a DL-based algorithm for the identification and classification of GI tract issues from endoscopic images. The CNN is the base architecture with the highest accuracy rate for medical imaging. The system combines multiple layers into the algorithm using various image pre-processing techniques to enhance the accuracy rate. The algorithm is applied to eight different classes of intestinal diseases and achieves an accuracy of more than 90% for each class. Early detection is a blessing to the patient to giving them time to recover. We aim to narrate the potential of AI, DL techniques for endoscopic investigations and try to provide insights for future research directions through this paper.
Depression secondary to complex trauma presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Complex trauma, resulting from repeated interpersonal adversities, disrupts emotional regulation and identity development, often leading to alexithymia and chronic mood disturbances. This case report describes a 37-year-old male with a severe depressive episode following prolonged psychosocial stress and unresolved trauma. The patient demonstrated significant improvement through combined pharmacotherapy and individualized cognitive-behavioural psychotherapy. The case underscores the importance of trauma-informed approaches in the management of depression resistant to conventional treatment.
The Impact of Consultants on the Procurement of Public Construction Projects in Abuja, Nigeria
1 Abubakar B. H, 2 Anigbogu N. A and 3 Maren Mallo DanielConsultants play a pivotal role in public construction procurement by providing technical, managerial and advisory services that shape project outcomes. Despite their importance, procurement inefficiencies persist in Nigeria, raising concerns about the effectiveness of consultancy services, particularly in Abuja where federal construction activities are concentrated. This study examines the extent to which consultants impact the procurement of public construction projects in Abuja, Nigeria. A mixed-methods research design adopting a convergent parallel approach was employed. Quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 391 public construction stakeholders, while qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews conducted 8 professionals. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests, including the Kruskal–Wallis test, were used to analyze quantitative data, complemented by thematic analysis of qualitative responses. The findings indicate that consultants exert the greatest influence during project implementation (Mean = 4.12), contract execution (Mean = 4.09) and stakeholder engagement (Mean = 4.04). Moderate influence was observed in risk management (Mean = 3.89), quality assurance (Mean = 3.87) and environmental and social impact assessment (Mean = 3.83), while minimal influence was recorded in early-stage procurement activities such as advertisement (Mean = 2.49), approval (Mean = 2.86) and contract award (Mean = 2.93). Hypothesis testing revealed no statistically significant variation in stakeholder perceptions of consultant impact across procurement stages (H = 6.637, p = .156), indicating broad consensus among stakeholder groups. Qualitative findings further demonstrate that consultants contribute substantially to cost control, time management, quality assurance and regulatory compliance, although their technical recommendations are sometimes constrained by administrative and political factors. The study concludes that consultants significantly influence public construction procurement outcomes in Abuja, particularly during implementation and contract administration phases. It recommends enhanced early-stage consultant involvement and the development of a standardized performance evaluation framework aligned with Nigeria’s public procurement system to strengthen accountability, value for money and project delivery outcomes.
Background: Over the years, sport development has progressed rapidly in various climes, with attribution of this growth being accorded to proper management practices. Management practices encompass a range of activities and strategies employed to achieve organizational goals efficiently. However, the researcher observed that the rate of sports development in Kwara State is relatively below expectations due to a gross inadequacy in areas of funding, personnel, equipment, facilities as well as inappropriate training, which may be attributed to poor management practices. Aims and Objectives: Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the perceived influence of management practices on sport development in the Kwara State Sports Commission. Methodology: Descriptive survey research design was employed for this study. The population of the study comprised all 140 Kwara Sports Commission stakeholders. 100 respondents were chosen using the random sampling technique. A researcher-structured questionnaire was employed for this study, with a reliability coefficient of 0.73 obtained using the test-retest method of reliability. Collected data was analyzed using inferential statistics of chi-square at 0.05 level of significance. Results: The findings revealed that management practices (funding, personnel, facilities and equipment) have a significant influence on sports development. Conclusion: Based on these premises, it was concluded that the variables altogether, play a distinct role in sport development. The study therefore recommends that funding for grassroots sports programmes should be increased to enhance overall sport participation and development. Furthermore, investment should be made into areas of coach development programmes to enhance their skills and knowledge.
This study investigated the role of Assistive Technology (AT) in influencing Physical Activity Levels (PAL) and Quality of Life (QoL) among Visually Impaired (VI) and Hearing Impaired (HI) students at Federal College of Education (Special) Oyo, Nigeria, where access to inclusive education remains challenging despite legal mandates. Using an ex post facto design, a purposive sample of 129 students (67 VI, 62 HI) completed adapted versions of the Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD) and WHO Quality of Life-BREF questionnaire. Data were analyzed via descriptive statistics, multiple regression, and independent t-tests at α = .05. Findings revealed high overall AT adoption (72.9% regular use), but with disparities: 92.5% among VI versus 51.6% among HI students. Mean PAL was 2679.57 MET-minutes/week, with HI students significantly more active (3007.03 METs) than VI students (2376.55 METs; t(127) = 5.660, p < .001). AT exerted no significant influence on VI students' PAL but a negative effect on HI students' PAL (β = -.371, p = .003, R² = .138). Similarly, PAL showed no impact on VI students' QoL but a negative association for HI students (β = -.342, p = .007, R² = .117). QoL ratings were comparable across groups (no significant difference; t(127) = .908, p = .366). Based on these premises, recommendations raised include tailored AT for mobility enhancement and adaptive physical programs to bridge activity gaps, fostering equitable health outcomes in special education settings.
Soccer is one of the most popular and complex sports, characterized by rapid, high-intensity motor activities. Owing to its physical demands, including frequent jumping, landing, and sudden directional changes, soccer players are at an elevated risk of developing overuse injuries such as jumper’s knee. This study examined the influence of sleep pattern, stress pattern, nutritional pattern, and health status on injury prevention among soccer players in tertiary institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. An ex post facto research design was adopted, and a sample of 93 participants was selected using multistage sampling procedures. Data were collected with a validated questionnaire (reliability coefficient r = 0.76), while percentage, mean, standard deviation, and multiple regression were employed for analysis at a 0.05 alpha level. The results revealed that sleep pattern showed an inverse relationship with injury prevention (β = -0.092, p = 0.388), stress pattern demonstrated a significant positive relationship (β = 0.443, p < 0.001), and nutritional pattern exhibited a negative but non-significant relationship (β = -0.030, p = 0.756). Based on these findings, it was concluded that stress, sleep, and nutritional patterns collectively contribute to injury prevention among soccer players in tertiary institutions in Kwara State. The study recommends that athletes should be encouraged to observe adequate rest after competitions to facilitate recovery from injuries, while coaches and trainers should enforce structured sleep and nutritional regimens to enhance players’ performance and reduce injury risks.
Domestic Violence and its Associated Factors among LGBTQIA+ Communities in Urban Myanmar
1 Winn Lwin Htoo, 2 Theingi Maung Maung, 3 Hnin Pwint Phyu, 4 Kyaw Swa, 5 Dusita Phuengsamran, 6 Sarunya SujaritpongBackground: Domestic violence can be defined as a range of harmful behaviors that occur in any relationship regardless of their race, age, sexual orientation, religion, gender identity, socioeconomic backgrounds and educational level when someone is exerting power and control over the others. Although the prevalence of domestic violence against women was expressed in Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey, the data on violence against LGBTQIA+ people was limited in Myanmar context. Moreover, Penal Code 377 prohibited unnatural sex including sodomy and it can sentence to prison up to 20 years in Myanmar and violence against LGBTQIA+ people are unacknowledged and underreported. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the period prevalence of domestic violence against LGBTQIA+ people in Myanmar and to explore associated factors. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 322 LGBTQIA+ people living in two big cities in Myanmar-Yangon and Mandalay were collected in June 2023, through an online platform. Association between domestic violence in LGBTQIA+ people and potential factors were analyzed using chi-square statistics and multivariable binary logistic regression models. Results: The period prevalence of domestic violence among LGBTQIA+in the past 12 months was 30.49%. Gender identity, homophobic expression of family members and experienced stigma were significantly associated with ever-experienced domestic violence. Compared to cisgender, transgender and queer participants were more exposed to domestic violence, showing2.97 (95% CI: 1.29, 6.94) and 2.80 times (95% CI: 1.09: 7.43) respectively. Participants whose family members expressed homophobia were 2.38 times (95% CI:1.24, 4.64) more likely to experience domestic violence. Respondents with experienced-stigma had a 5.24 time (95% CI: 2.49, 11.70) of higher risk to domestic violence. Conclusion: The study revealed that laws and policy should be strengthened to protect LGBTQIA+rights, and more support services should be available for the victims of domestic violence in Myanmar.
Role of Strengthening Exercises in the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review
1 R. Rajyalakshmi, 2 A. P. Rakshitha, 3 S. Hemavathi, 4 M. ManognaBackground: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative condition common complaint and a leading cause of pain, functional limitation, and disability among the growing population. In addition to structural common degeneration, peri-articular muscle weakness, particularly of the quadriceps, hamstrings, and hip musculature, plays a vital part in symptom strictness, altered biomechanics, and complaint progression. It's believed that quadriceps strength training may reduce pain and meliorate functional exertion in cases with knee osteoarthritis. This improvement is generally attributed to increased quadriceps strength. This study excavated whether quadriceps muscle strength increases with abating pain, perfecting functional exertion in the knee (KOA).Encyclopedically, osteoarthritis (KOA) is the leading cause of disability. The most current complaints associated with (KOA) are neck pain, common stiffness, and weakness in the muscles of the lower branches. These symptoms impede movement and affect in functional limitations. Objective: This narrative review aims to completely examine the part, mechanisms, and validation supporting strengthening exercises in the operation of knee osteoarthritis. Ideal the purpose of this narrative review is to examine the part of strengthening exercises in reducing pain, perfecting common stability, and enhancing functional issues in individualities with knee osteoarthritis. Styles A comprehensive literature quest was conducted using electronic databases, including Google Scholar and Pub Med. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using electronic databases, including Google Scholar and Pub Med. Keywords such as knee osteoarthritis, strengthening exercises, quadriceps strengthening, hip abductor strengthening, and resistance training were used to identify relevant review articles, randomized controlled trials, and clinical studies published over the last 15 years. Selected studies focusing on muscle strengthening interventions and their effects on pain and function in knee OA were analyzed. Findings: Validation from the literature constantly demonstrates that strengthening exercises targeting the quadriceps, hamstrings, and hip muscles significantly reduce pain, meliorate gait mechanics, enhance common stability, and meliorate functional performance measured through validated outgrowth tools analogous as WOMAC and gait parameters. Progressive resistance training and functional unrestricted- chain strengthening exercises show superior benefits compared to range- of- stir exercises alone. Conclusion: Strengthening exercises form a fundamental element in the conservative exertion operation of knee osteoarthritis. Incorporating structured and progressive muscle- strengthening programs can substantially meliorate the quality of life and functional independence in individualities with knee OA. Keywords Knee osteoarthritis, quadriceps strengthening, hip strengthening, pain reduction, resistance training, gait, and function
Framing the Tigray War: Identity Targeting Discourse in Ethiopian Mainstream Broadcast Media
1 Tsigabu Hailekiros Nigusse, 2 Professor Challa RamakrishnanThis study examines how three leading Ethiopian mainstream media outlets Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation (EBC), Amhara Mass Media Agency (AMMA), and Ethiopian Satellite Television and Radio (ESAT) reported and framed the Ethiopia–Tigray war and how identity-focused language appeared in ways that could increase tension between groups. The study uses a qualitative multiple-case approach and combines qualitative content analysis with key informant interviews to understand how wartime narratives were produced, what editorial choices shaped coverage, and how media ethics were handled during a national crisis. The content analysis is based on 180 carefully selected conflict-related items drawn from prime-time news, talk shows, and available transcripts or web texts. Key informant interviews were conducted with journalists, editors, media scholars, regulators, and civil society monitors who were directly involved in, or closely observing, conflict communication. Data were coded through an iterative process informed by dangerous-speech research and by themes that emerged from the Ethiopian context. The findings show that identity-related hostility was often communicated through recurring framing patterns. Coverage frequently relied on strong security narratives and labeling practices, which could present opponents as threats and simplify complex events into moral “us versus them” divisions. In several cases, responsibility for violence was discussed in ways that could be read as collective blame, and some expressions reduced empathy by using exclusionary or degrading descriptions. Competing narratives of victimhood also appeared, where suffering was highlighted for some groups while minimized for others. In addition, the idea of necessity and national survival sometimes made harsh actions appear reasonable or unavoidable. Differences across outlets were also clear. EBC and AMMA more often reflected official security and unity frames, while ESAT more often challenged federal narratives, but could still intensify polarization through identity-centered talk. Interviewees stressed that limited access to conflict zones, weak verification conditions, political pressure, and newsroom polarization reduced careful editorial control. The study highlights practical ways to improve conflict-sensitive reporting, including clear rules on identity labels, stronger verification and corrections, careful quotation practices, and editorial review of loaded metaphors before broadcast.
Molar Distalization in Orthodontics: A Comprehensive Review
1 Dr. Anjum Shaikh, 2 Dr. Pooja Gangare, 3 Dr. Sija Alaien John, 4 Dr. Isha Gupta, 5 Dr. Sweta KaushikCorrection of Class II malocclusion by distalization of maxillary molars with intraoral appliances is a non-extraction treatment approach, which has been described as an alternative to Head Gear. From the past few years, the procedures have undergone rectification to achieve treatment objective more precisely. This has been made possible by a better understanding of bone physiology, tooth movement, biomechanics and newer biomaterials. Nowadays newer distal zing appliances, like the Jones Jig, Lokar distalizer and Carrière distalizer, have been developed which have compact designs and cause minimal discomfort to the patient. Refinement in these appliances is concentrated mainly on achieving bodily movement of the molar rather than simple tipping. These appliances are also operator friendly as these are easy to insert and remove. Researchers have focused on the simplicity and efficiency of these intraarch devices. Which improves the continuity and constancy of forces? Oral hygiene is easier to maintain and the need for patient compliance is eliminated.
Background: The rising incidence of cognitive disorders, including dementia, underscores the urgent need for cost-effective and ethically compliant animal models to study neurodegenerative mechanisms and evaluate therapeutic strategies. Nano particle-induced neurotoxicity has emerged as a promising approach for modelling cognitive impairment; however, the synthesis route plays a critical role in determining nano particle biocompatibility and toxic potential. Objective: This study compares biologically synthesized aluminium oxide nano particles (bio-Al?O? NPs) with chemically synthesized aluminium oxide nano particles (chem-Al?O? NPs) to establish a safe and reliable cognition-deficit model in zebra fish (Danio rerio).Methods: Al?O? NPs were synthesized via (i) a green method using Citrus aurantium (orange peel) extract and (ii) conventional chemical precipitation. Characterization involved UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Following Fish Embryo Toxicity (FET) protocols, zebra fish embryos and larvae were exposed to graded NP concentrations. Developmental endpoints included survival, hatching success, cardiac function, and morphological defects. Neurobehavioral assays assessed locomotors activity, zone preference, and anxiety-like responses. Results: Bio-Al?O? NPs were spherical (8–25 nm), partially amorphous, and exhibited minimal aluminium release (0.0201 ppm), whereas chem-Al?O? NPs were rod-shaped (8–11 nm), highly crystalline, and contained elevated aluminium levels (6.83 ppm). Chem-Al?O? exposure induced significant developmental toxicity, including pericardial edema, reduced heart rate, and pronounced behavioural impairments. Bio-Al?O? NPs elicited subtle but measurable cognitive disturbances with negligible structural abnormalities. Conclusion: Green-synthesized Al?O? NPs provide a safer alternative for inducing cognition-related phenotypes in zebra fish, offering a sustainable and effective platform for neurotoxicity modelling and therapeutic screening. This work emphasizes the influence of synthesis strategies on nano toxicological outcomes and supports zebra fish as a valuable model for neurobehavioral research.
Tony Kushner’s Angels in Americais a seminal theatrical work that captures the emotional, social, and political turmoil wrought by the AIDS epidemic in the 1980s America. This article examines the complex dynamics of love and abandonment through the fractured relationship between the central characters Louis Iron son and Prior Walter, foregrounding the crisis of care and responsibility during systemic neglect. Drawing on critical interpretations and philosophical frameworks, particularly Erick Sierra’s and other scholars’ analysis of ideological love versus embodied responsibility, this study argues that Kushner critiques sentimental love that collapses under the weight of suffering and elevates ethical love as a sustained presence and accountability. This article situates the personal trauma of abandonment within broader structures of homophobia, government indifference, and cultural stigma, highlighting how the AIDS crisis exposes the limits of liberal intellectualism and demands a redefinition of love as praxis. Through close textual analysis and engagement with secondary scholarship, this study contributes to the understanding of queer love, ethical failure, and social marginalization in contemporary American dramas.
Sustainability Disclosure and Corporate Financial Performance of Listed Oil & Gas Firms in Nigeria
1 C.P Ugwu, 2 E Emengini, 3 Dr. O.LudeThe study examined the effect of sustainability disclosure on financial performance of oil and gas companies in Nigeria. The main objective of this study therefore was to examine the effect of sustainability disclosures on the financial performance of listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria. The independent variable, sustainability disclosures, was proxied by sustainable economic disclosure, sustainable environmental disclosure and sustainable social disclosure while the dependent variable, financial performance, was proxied by return on assets (ROA), return on Equity (ROE) and Profit after Tax. The research design adopted for this study was ex post facto, secondary data were used and the population of the study was 11 listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria while the sample consisted of all the 11 listed oil and gas firms. In order to ensure robustness in the analysis of the data and hypothesis testing, it incorporated two control variables, which are total assets and firm size. Pretest estimations like descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlation test, Levine, Lin, and Chu (LLC) Unit Root Test, Pedroni Residual Co integration Test was carried out and panel regression analysis was used for the analysis. The findings revealed that economic sustainability disclosure for the period of this study has negative and significant impact on return on assets of listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria, environmental sustainable disclosure for the period of this study had positive but insignificant impact on return on equity of listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria, social sustainable disclosure for the period of this study had negative and insignificant impact on profit after tax of listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria.
The parabolic method of teaching was employed basically because it was an effective way of instruction; it also explains pictorially and concretely to convey spiritual or moral truth about God, which may not be readily understood by the hearers if rendered in abstract terms. Despite their relevance, there has been limited empirical investigation on how CRS teachers perceive and utilize these parables in classroom instruction, especially in addressing contemporary challenges such as dishonesty, bullying, intolerance, and indiscipline. Understanding teachers’ perceptions and practices is essential for strengthening moral education in secondary schools. The objectives were to, find out the teachers’ general perceptions on parable of the Sower for promoting positive values and investigate influence of teachers’ gender, qualification and school type on their perceptions. The study employed a descriptive survey research type, targeting all Senior Secondary School CRS teachers in Ekiti State. A sample of 150 respondents was selected using multi-stage sampling techniques. Data were collected through a researcher-designed and validated questionnaire, with a reliability coefficient of 0.84 established via the test-retest method. Research questions were analyzed using mean scores and standard deviation, while three hypotheses were tested using t-test and ANOVA at the 0.05 significance level. Teachers’ perceptions were measured on a five-point Likert scale ranging from Very Low Extent to Very Large Extent, later grouped into High, Moderate, and Low categories. Findings obtained from the study revealed that the majority of the CRS teachers’ level perception indicated a Large Extent and Very Large Extent to the research questions. The study also showed that there was no significant difference in teachers’ perception of positive values among senior secondary school students in Ekiti State based on gender and school type; however, there was a significant difference in teachers’ qualifications. Based on the findings of this study, the researcher concluded that CRS teachers generally perceived parable of the Sower as effective instrument for instilling moral values among students in Ekiti State, Nigeria. It was recommended that teachers should deliberately integrate other parables into classroom teaching as moral guides and undergo regular training to contextualize them for modern challenges, while that parents should be up and doing in the discharge of their duties, and moral education should be emphasized in schools.
This paper addresses the increasing "mechanization" of work in the modern transactional economy by proposing a non-Western, human-centric conceptual framework for organizational purpose. While modern management literature focuses on productivity-driven metrics, this study interrogates the theoretical gap between organizational branding and lived ethics. Utilizing a thematic analysis of the Guru Granth Sahib, the research explores how the ethical triad of Kirat Karo (honest labour), Naam Japo (mindful awareness), and Vand Chhako (sharing) transforms work from a survival-based transaction into a vehicle for human dignity and social harmony. By synthesizing these ancient principles with contemporary constructs like Self-Determination Theory and the Triple Bottom Line, the paper analyses the Tata Group as a successful institutionalized model of this triad. The findings suggest that integrating gratitude and interdependence into organizational structures offers a sustainable route to reducing worker alienation and fostering psychological safety.
Users' Perceived Efficiency of Services in Academic Libraries; Suggestion for Library Management
1Dr. Obia Gopeh Inyang; 2Dr. Christopher Okoi Offem; 3Dr. Oluyemi Ayorinde Akintoye; 4Dr Cecilia Undie Angrey; 5Dr. Lane Kajang Joshua; 6Dr. Vivian Arrey Mbaze-EbockThis study assessed users’ perceived efficiency of services in academic library and offered suggestions for improvement to library administration. Descriptive survey was used to solicit information from1800 respondents in nine tertiary institutions using questionnaire. Data analysis was done using tables, and simple percentages. Results revealed that users perceived many library offers as services to a very high percentage like lending (100%), reference (96.45%), user education (84.89%), current awareness (95.26%), Selective Dissemination of Information (84.39%) and photography (95.43%). However, interlibrary loan (28.86%), reservation (17.47%), and exhibition/display (33.82%) saw high disagreement. Additionally, from table 3, there was a high disagreement frequency- approximately, 93% of users showed that librarians lacked service management skills, leading to arbitrary service delivery as 7% identified service managers among librarians. Only 7.89% and 3.38% claimed to have made service suggestions, while 99.66% did not, indicating poor user-management engagement and feedback practices. In conclusion, since a service is to be of value to a customer, library program should be planned so that every user makes use of all library offers within their time of study so they can personally benefit from all services. Suggestions were made for the future.
Truancy, a practice that carries desire effects on the students in particular, has become prevalent among students across different levels of education. It is more worrisome considering the involvement of higher education students in truancy because they are expected to exhibit more seriousness towards school attendance owing to their age and previous academic experiences. This study therefore aimed to investigate social media as predictor of truancy behavior among undergraduate students of university of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. It also examined the level of social media usage and truancy behavior among students. The study is a survey of correlation type. The study’s sample size was 381 respondents selected using both the convenience and simple random sampling techniques. The instrument used was a questionnaire type tagged “Social Media and Truancy Behavior Questionnaire”. The instrument possessed a reliability coefficient of 0.91 having been subjected to the split-half method. Data was analyzed using the mean score and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) statistics. The hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that undergraduate students engage in moderate social media usage while their level of truancy behavior was high. Further, social media usage positively predicted truancy behavior among undergraduate students. It was concluded that the high prevalence of truancy behavior underscores the need for targeted interventions among undergraduate students. It is therefore imperative that the university management implements robust attendance monitoring systems and maintain responsible use of social across universities in order to minimize rate of truancy among undergraduates.
Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis Unmasked by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Tendon Xanthomas.
1 Nikhil Kumar, 2 Ranwir Kumar Sinha, 3 Pradosh Kumar Sarangi, 4 Manish Raj, 5 Varsha Vijayan, 6 Anandraj Vaithy KCerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare auto somal recessive lipid storage disorder caused by mutations in the CYP27A1 gene, resulting in deficiency of sterol 27-hydroxylase, a key enzyme in bile acid synthesis. Impaired bile acid metabolism leads to accumulation of cholesterol and cholesterol in multiple tissues, particularly the brain, tendons, and eyes. We report a case of a 32-year-old male who presented with multiple symmetrical tendon swellings involving the Achilles tendons and elbows, along with progressive lower limb stiffness and a history of early-onset cataracts. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain demonstrated bilateral T2/FLAIR hyper intensities involving the cerebellar dentate nuclei and per ventricular white matter. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) from the tendon swellings revealed numerous foamy macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, and cholesterol clefts in a lipoidal background, consistent with xanthomatous pathology. Biochemical evaluation was suggestive of CTX. This case highlights the diagnostic value of FNAC as a simple and minimally invasive adjunct, particularly when correlated with clinical and radiological findings, and underscores its usefulness in resource-limited settings for early recognition of CTX.