Background: Stroke is a sudden and often devastating injury to the central nervous system caused by blood flow disruption to the brain, leading to long-term consequences such as neurological impairments. It is a major cause of disability and mortality among adults. Various studies have highlighted caregiver (CG) stress, but none have compared stress levels in hospital and home environments. Our study aims to explore factors influencing caregiver stress in both settings.Aim and objective: To identify the most common source of stress among those who care for acute stroke survivors as well as the overall experiences that caregiver has in hospital and home settings. Methodology: An observational study was conducted at Sri Ramachandra Hospital on caregivers of first-time stroke survivors. Demographic data and stress levels were assessed using MCSI on discharge day and 10 days post-discharge. Reasons for stress were identified through open-ended questions.Results: Quantitative data included mean and standard deviation for 60 participants, consisting of 44 males and 16 females with an average age of 57.35 ±10.78. Among the caregivers of acute stroke patients, 60 individuals were surveyed, including 19 males and 41 females with an average age of 46.23±11.79. The Modified Caregiver Strain Index (MCSI) with thirteen questions rated stress levels at home and in the hospital. Results showed higher stress levels at home for components such as sleep disturbance (90%) and caregiving inconvenience (86.6%), while hospital stressors included family adjustments (61.6%) and financial strain (95%). Overall, caregivers experienced different stress factors depending on the location.Conclusion: Study shows caregiver stress increases based on patient’s impairment, needs, and caregiver's understanding of the condition. Stress levels vary between male and female caregivers, with modifiable and non-modifiable stress factors identified. Strategic programs are needed to enhance rehabilitation effectiveness, reduce caregiver stress, and enhance quality of life for both patient and caregiver.

The Bidayuh community in Jagoi and SingaiBau Districts possesses extensive traditional knowledge of Zingiberaceae species. This study documents their uses and examines socio-demographic factors influencing utilization. Gender, age, occupation, income, and religious beliefs significantly impact plant use. Older generations, with their rich traditional knowledge, frequently use medicinal gingers. Women influence plant use in culinary and medicinal practices. The economic status affects the ability to afford these plants. Data from 170 households were collected through structured questionnaires. Pearson correlation and ANOVA analyses were conducted to understand relationships between socio-demographic factors and plant utilization. The results showed a significant positive correlation between age and medicinal ginger use frequency. Additionally, village location impacts collection habits, with Singai residents collecting more frequently. The study underscores the importance of documenting traditional knowledge for biodiversity conservation and cultural heritage preservation.

This study thoroughly examines the electrical behavior and analog/RF performance of the dual material junctionless (DM-JL) Tree FET by incorporating interface traps at the Si/SiO₂ interface. These interface trap charges, which can arise from stress or radiation-induced damage, have the potential to influence the transistor's operating point and overall circuit reliability. To assess the impact of these traps, various parameters are analyzed using the proposed device with single-k (SiO₂) and dual-k (SiO₂+TiO₂) spacer materials. The study finds that, at zero trap charges, the DC and analog/RF parameters are superior in the dual-k spacer device compared to the single-k spacer device. When positive (negative) trap charges are introduced, significant changes are observed: the I_on/I_off ratio by 26% (37%), the subthreshold swing (SS) by 1.48% (0.59%), and the drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) by 1.62% (2.43%) decreases (increases), respectively as compared to the device with no trap charges. Further, the study measures analog/RF parameters such as gate capacitance, cutoff frequency, and gain bandwidth product, both with and without interface trap charges. Results indicate that the device with dual-k spacers performs better with negative trap charges. The interface trap charges affect the device's performance more severely in the subthre shold region compared to the triode and saturation regions.

Background: Despite extensive efforts by both the community and government, COVID-19 remains a persistent threat. Vaccination and adherence to COVID-appropriate behaviours are crucial in curbing the pandemic. This study aimed to assess awareness, acceptance, and determinants of COVID-19 vaccination. Materials and Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study involving 400 respondents after obtaining verbal consent,was conducted between February 5th and February 20th, 2022. Structured questionnaires collected data on socio-demographics, COVID-19 infection/vaccination status, vaccine awareness, motivation, and reasons for refusal. Results: Among 400 respondents, 62.7% were aged 18-40 years, and 67.8% were male. High awareness (96%) of vaccine protection against infection was observed, with 99.8% supporting compulsory vaccination. Most (94.7%) were vaccinated for self-protection, citing efficacy doubts and side effect concerns as primary reasons for refusal. Conclusion: The study highlights satisfactory awareness and positive attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination. Enhanced awareness campaigns and addressing safety concerns can further boost vaccine acceptance. Accurate vaccine information is essential to promote adherence to government guidelines in combating vaccine-preventable diseases.

A healthy person is a happy person. Happy people make up a progressive society. This leads to people being fit to face any new challenges that they may come across in the future. The confidence and maturity of a healthy society pave the way to a stress-free atmosphere for all to live in. But what does one mean by a ‘healthy person’? To be in good health means to be healthy, both in body and mind. If the body is unhealthy some symptoms can be noticed. These can be studied and treated by a medical professional. Unfortunately, the symptoms of a disturbed mind are not very overt. Special attention for noticing the troubled behaviours, specific psychological tests need to be conducted to diagnose the problem area, and therapy sessions may be needed along with medicines to handle some severe mental illnesses. If adults need help, they can be vocal about their problems. But this is not the case where children are concerned. Children cannot understand the reasons for their difficulties or their unsuccessful attempts at performing various activities. Hence there is a need to observe them in multiple settings, study their behaviour, check on their developmental milestones and assess their academic growth. Whatever the problem, if checked and handled professionally in the early stages then adjustment for that child is comparatively easier and growth, both physical and mental, can be almost at par with normal children. Hence, seeking professional help and guidance is necessary. Early intervention can make life so much easier for the child, his family and friends.