This study examined the effect of leadership styles on employee performance of Bayelsa Specialist Hospital in Yenagoa, Bayelsa,Nigeria. Leadership is a fundamental part of any organisation and is extremelyinfluential in determining the cost-effectiveness, development, growth, stability and imminent success of an organisationparticularly when dealing with employees whose performance levels can to a great extent be affected positively or negatively by the style of leadership an organization employs.This study utilized a descriptive research design. A sample size of 276 employees of the Bayelsa specialist hospital were chosen at random using practical sampling methods. The instrument used for data collection in this study was a structured questionnaire. Data was analysed using multiple regression analysis via the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Findings from the study revealed that Leadership styles have a significant effect on employee performance at (R=.986, R²=.972 at p=0.000). The statistical findings show that the independent variable (leadership styles) measured using transformational and transactional leadership styles accounts for 97.2% of variations in the dependent variable (employee performance) which was measured using efficiency.The study recommends that appropiate leadership training programs should be provided to enhance leadership skills and promote effective leadership styles within the hospital. This would help foster a positive work environment that encourages open communication, teamwork and employee engagement. Hence, an organisation in a bid to attain success in sustaining a competitive advantage over its competitors as well as boost employee morale and performance levels must be cautious of the kind of leadership style it applies to adequately motivate its workforce