Abstract : This paper examines the psychogenesis of Nwibe’s alienation in Chinua Achebe’s ‘The Madman.’ As a concept in the field of sociology, psychology and philosophy, alienation describes a sense of estrangement or detachment from one’s self, society or the environment. The literary representation of psychological disorders has attracted attentions among writers who explore the psychological dimensions that transcend physical and social realms of human existence or experience. Creative writers also provide valuable information, support and guidance in their works, which sometimes facilitate the healing of the mind beyond the realm of aesthetics. Employing the Freudian psychoanalytic theory, Achebe’s ‘The Madman’ portrays alienation with emphases on the impact of societal misconceptions of the protagonist’s psychological alteration. The society’s perception of madness shapes Nwibe’s identity, leading to his objectification for medical experiments based on common judgements. This exploration resonates with broader literary discourse where characters struggle with social expectations, highlighting the relationship between literature, medicine and psychology. This paper argues for a compassionate approach to mental health challenges, advocating increased awareness, education and destigmatisation of individuals battling with psychological disorders. Achebe’s narrative is a reminder of the nexus between individual psychology and societal judgment in literature, compelling a re-evaluation of general perceptions and emphasising the crucial role of empathy in fostering a deeper understanding of mental health struggles.