Purpose: Nanotechnology has made significant advancement in recent years in various fields of medicine including dentistry. Graphene, one of the nanomaterials posses distinctive properties due to small size, larger surface area and interaction with various biological tissues and cells. It possess antibacterial properties also due to which it is being explored in Periodontal disease management also. Approach: This review includes studies published in the English language on graphene and graphene derivatives and its uses in periodontology. Findings and conclusion: This review addressed recent research on the biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial activity of nanomaterials based on graphene as well as graphene's potential for promoting osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, which is essential for its prospective use in periodontal treatment.