Objective: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major micro vascular complication of diabetes mellitus. It primarily driven by prolonged hyperglycemia, which results in vascular injury of the retina, neural impairment, and eventual vision loss. Among platelet indices, mean platelet volume (MPV) has frequently shown an association with DR, though evidence for platelet distribution width (PDW) and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) remains inconsistent. The present study was designed to assess the relationship between Platelet Indices with glycemic status in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with and Without Diabetic Retinopathy. Material and Methods: Altogether, 200 subjects aged 35–75 years were included: 80 with DR, 60 with T2DM but no retinopathy, and 60 healthy controls. Fasting and postprandial blood glucose, HbA1c,   platelet counts, and platelet indices including MPV, PDW, P-LCR, and plateletcrit were measured and compared among the groups. Results: Patients with diabetes and those with DR exhibited significantly higher fasting and postprandial glucose levels and HbA1c when compared with controls (P < 0.01). Platelet indices such as MPV, PDW, P-LCR were elevated in diabetics and DR patients, while plateletcrit showed no difference. Poor glycemic control (HbA1c >7%) was associated with increased P-LCR and MPV and lower platelet count and plateletcrit (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Poor glycemic regulation and prolonged duration of diabetes showed a strong association with DR. Elevated HbA1c, glucose, and platelet indices (MPV, PDW, P-LCR) correlated with disease severity, suggesting that routine monitoring of these parameters may aid early detection and risk stratification in type 2 diabetes.