Ethiopia, like most African countries has immensely endowed with cultural, natural, and historical heritages. Institutions like, Oromo gadaa system have played important roles in human rights protection for centuries within the framework of Indigenous democratic governance system. Despite the fact that, the egalitarian elements of gadaa system have been exhaustively studied, the human right perspectives of gadaa system hardly addressed. This study set an objective to investigate the legal conceptions of the Gadaa system in safeguarding human rights. Methodologically, in this research we employed qualitative research approach, implementing an exploratory research design. Our finding revealed that, gadaa laws broadly categorized into two: Cardinal and supplementary laws. Cardinal laws of Gadaa are those used as a baseline or legal framework, whereas supplementary ones are sub-laws. Cardinal laws are grand laws that are formulated to protect the right of a given subject.  For instance; seeranadheni (women law), seerafarda (law of horse), etc. while supplementary laws are those details in the cardinal laws with a potential to be amended. Gadaa law of human rights are moral rights ingrained in the Oromo social values for centuries. According to my FGD discussants and key informants, gada laws address every aspect of life, but when we come to those human rights in focus, we can categorize them into social, economic and political dimensions of human rights.