This article is based on field research that investigated the long-term effects of industrial displacement on tribal women in Kalinganagar, Odisha, with a specific focus on their shifting occupational status and the human rights challenges they endurein the post-displacement period. The research was situated in Kalinganagar, Jajpur district, where the establishment of Tata Steel (private sector) and Neelachal Ispat Nigam Limited (public sector) industrial projects collectively displaced over a thousand families, severely disrupting their socio-economic organization. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study selected 200 tribal women aged 40 and above from the Gobarghati resettlement colony through stratified proportionate sampling. Data collection incorporated semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and structured observations. Quantitative analysis highlighted significant occupational and income changes prior to and following displacement, while qualitative insights assessed the gender sensitivity and efficacy of resettlement policies under international human rights frameworks such as UNDRIP, ICESCR, and ILO Convention No. 169.Findings reveal a stark decline in economically active tribal women from over 98 percent in pre-displacement to less than 46 percent in post-displacement, accompanied by a shift from secure, traditional livelihoods to precarious, informal labor. Despite resettlement efforts, gender-blind policies exacerbated economic dependency and marginalization. Employment opportunities under rehabilitation schemes were minimal, with only 8-9 percent securing industrial jobs, and skill development programs failing to ensure sustained income generation. Moreover, displacement violated fundamental human rights including the right to livelihood, dignity, and equality. The propositions that emerge from the study in this article include the urgent need for gender-responsive resettlement and rehabilitation policies that recognize tribal women as independent rights holders by embedding livelihood restoration in the policy with a rights-based approach. Such reforms are essential to redress livelihood erosion and promote inclusive development among displaced indigenous communities and their women folk ensuring them social and economic justice.