Antimicrobial and Antiparasitic Efficacy of Annonamuricata: A Review on its Role in Infectious Diseases
1 Swathi Rani Sampathi Rao;2 SPD Ponamgi;1Kanti Priya Kondala;1 Sujatha PeelaAnnona Muricata (Graviola) has a long history in tropical folk medicine as a remedy for various fevers, infections, and parasitic infestations. Given the global threat of antimicrobial resistance, its traditional use warrants scientific validation. This review confirms the plant's broad-spectrum activity, reporting potent effects against bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), fungi (Candida albicans), and medically relevant protozoa (e.g., agents of malaria and leishmaniasis). This efficacy is linked to its complex phytochemistry, particularly the Annonaceous Acetogenins, alongside flavonoids and alkaloids, which target microbial cellular integrity and mitochondrial respiration. To transition Soursop from folk remedy to modern medicine, future work must prioritize clinical studies and rigorous safety assessments to effectively separate beneficial anti-infective compounds from potentially neurotoxic components.