Retrospective and Prospective Study of Serum CRP, PLR, NLR, Nerve Conduction Study, Clinical Disability Score and Lumbar Puncture Analysis in Guillain Barre Syndrome
*Sumuk M S1; Shasthara P1; Harsha S1; Nemichandra S C1; Anupama Marnal B A2Background: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a severe autoimmune condition in which the body's immune system targets healthy nerve cells in the peripheral nervous system. This results in polyradiculoneuropathy, causing symptoms such as weakness, numbness, and tingling sensations, which may progress to paralysis. Inflammatory responses triggered by GBS can lead to elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the body. Objective: The objective of this research was to examine the correlation between inflammatory markers, including CRP, Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and the clinical severity and electrophysiological results from nerve conduction studies in individuals diagnosed with GBS. Methodology: This study included 50 patients (33 male,17 female) who met the clinical criteria for GBS and were between10 to 70 years of age with a mean of 33.46 ± 12.25 years within the first 2 weeks of onset of illness were enrolled. Apart from the routine examination all the subjects underwent evaluation for the inflammatory markers enumerated, nerve conduction studies and assessment of their clinical severity. Results: The study group comprised 50 individuals with a mean age 36.28 ± 23.75 years (n = 33 males, 66%), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.9.The most prevalent form of nerve conduction abnormality was sensorimotor axonopathy, which affected 34% (17) of the patients. The severity of the disease was reflected in the elevated levels of serum CRP, NLR, and PLR. In addition to inflammatory markers, significant involvement of cranial nerves was strongly linked to severe disability in GBS patients. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that higher levels of serum CRP, NLR, and PLR are linked with several factors in GBS patients, including gastroenteritis, craniobulbar involvement, disability score, and the absence of motor and sensory nerve responses. These in turn have a negative impact on the clinical severity in GBS patients. Therefore, these surrogate inflammation markers can be used to prognosticate in subjects suffering from GBS.